Homestead National Monument of America [NE]

Description

The Homestead National Monument of America addresses the impact of the Homestead Act of 1862 on agriculture, Native Americans, national land policy, the prairies, industrialization, and immigration. Sights include the 1872 one-room Freeman School, Heritage Center, Education Center, 1867 Palmer Epard Cabin, and restored tallgrass prairie. The cabin presents post-Civil War homestead life. The Freeman School has been restored to an 1870s appearance. Under the Homestead Act, anyone 21 or over and/or the head of a household could claim 160 acres of previously federally owned land as their own private property.

The monument offers an introductory film, interactive exhibits, Freeman School guided tours, trails, curriculum-based programs for students, Scout programs, interactive demonstrations, distance learning opportunities, and Junior Ranger activities. The school is open for tours on request. Classes can host a day of lessons within the Freeman School. The website offers historical photographs, videos of farming demonstrations, audio files of Abraham Lincoln's words, a curriculum guide, a math activity booklet, a coloring book, dot-to-dot activities, and a suggested reading list for students.

Effigy Mounds National Monument [IA]

Description

The 2,526-acre Effigy Mounds National Monument site preserves 206 mounds erected by Native Americans at least one millennium ago. Thirty-one of these mounds take the shape of birds and bears. They are believed to be memorials to specific individuals, created after a death; many of the mounds also serve as grave sites. Exhibits display ancient Native American artifacts.

The monument offers a 15-minute introductory film, exhibits, museum tours, a children's tactile exhibit area, self-guided hikes, guided walks, guided hikes, talks, children's activities, Junior Ranger activities, atlatl demonstrations, and teacher workshops. There are wheelchair-accessible trails, although options are limited. The website offers a teacher's guide.

El Morro National Monument [NM]

Description

The El Morro National Monument preserves a campsite which has been used by Ancestral Puebloans, the Spanish, and U.S. immigrants, leaving 2,000 years of petroglyphs, signatures, and other carvings. The site's popularity for early travelers is derived from the fact that a waterhole could be reliably located near the base of the bluffs. These bluffs provided natural defense for Atsinna, an Ancestral Pueblo dwelling site which was inhabited between 1275 and 1350.

The monument offers a 15-minute introductory video, exhibits, a 1/2 mile trail which passes the pool and numerous inscriptions, a 2 mile trail which reaches Atsinna, Junior Ranger activities, a children's corner, and a picnic area. The 1/2 mile trail is wheelchair accessible with assistance. School groups may reserve the picnic area. Visitors are asked to remain on the trails for their own safety.

Aleutian World War II National Historic Area [AK]

Description

The Aleutian World War II National Historic Area commemorates the oft-forgotten Aleutian campaign of World War II as well as the horrific internment of many Aleut people by both Japanese and American forces. The park is located on the remains of the historic Fort Schwatka, the coastal defense of Dutch Harbor.

The park offers exhibits in the visitor center and guided tours of the park. The website offers visitor information, a history of the park, and a calendar of events. In order to contact the website via email, use the "contact us" link located on the left side of the webpage.

Alcatraz Island [CA]

Description

Alcatraz Island presents the site of the first West Coast lighthouse and fort, built 1853; the site of a former major federal prison (1934-1963); and the history of the island's 18-month occupation by Native American rights activists (1969-1971). Alcatraz is now a national bird sanctuary. During its prison years, Alcatraz hosted difficult inmates from prisons around the nation, perpetrators of predatory crimes, and Native American prisoners. The Native American occupation began as a symbolic repossessing of ancestral land. Demands for a university, cultural center, and museum were never met. However, the occupation led to greater national recognition of Native American interests.

The site offers a brief orientation, a film on the Native American occupation, other films, exhibits, and an audio tour of the cellhouse's penitentiary period. Evening visits offer guided tours and history narration while aboard the ferry. Day trips lean toward a self-guided experience, while evening trips offer more guided opportunities. The cellhouse audio tour is available in English, German, Spanish, French, Japanese, and Italian. Videos are captioned, a shuttle can transport visitors otherwise unable to reach the cellhouse, and transcriptions of the audio tour are available. The National Park Service recommends purchasing ferry tickets at least one week in advance. The website offers an extensive virtual exhibit.

Petroglyph National Monument [NM]

Description

The Petroglyph National Monument preserves approximately 20,000 carved images, dating between circa 10,000 BC and 1830. Artists include the Ancestral Pueblo, Native Americans in the 16th through 19th centuries, and Spanish settlers. The Las Imágenes Visitor Center was once home to Dr. Sophie Aberle, the first applied anthropologist in the U.S.; and offers visitors the opportunity to touch carvings much like the petroglyphs.

The monument offers six hiking trails, lectures, performances, four 90-minute to two-hour guided educational programs for students, one-hour school outreach programs, and Junior Ranger activities. All on site educational programs involve hiking. The website offers a list of useful definitions, a pronunciation guide, nine curriculum-based lesson plans, and Web Ranger activities.

Fort Stanwix National Monument [NY]

Description

The Fort Stanwix National Monument presents the fort's Revolutionary War history and its impact on the history of New York settlement. Collections consist of more than 476,000 artifacts. Three trails circle the fort. One follows the Oneida Carrying Place, while the other two interpret the siege of 1777. During the seige, Colonel Peter Gansevoort maintained control of Stanwix despite the concentrated British, Loyalist, German, Canadian, and Native American troops which surrounded the structure, earning it the nickname of "the fort that never surrendered." This victory is one of several which eventually led to political alliances with The Netherlands and France. The fort is located on traditional Oneida lands. The Oneida Carrying Place is an over land route between Wood Creek and the Mohawk River.

The monument offers an orientation talk, three trails, exhibits, guided curriculum-based educational programs, self-guided fort tours, audio-visual displays, weapons demonstrations, guided tours, living history programs, an activity for three through six year olds, Junior Ranger activities, and an area for building model forts. Reservations are required for all guided programs. The website offers lesson plans, a 1777 campaign Revolutionary War map, a word match, a crossword puzzle, a word search, and suggested reading lists for students and teachers.

War of Words: The Last Colonial War in American Literature

Description

Professor Wayne Franklin discusses the life and work of James Fenimore Cooper, his inspiration for and work on the French and Indian War novel The Last of the Mohicans, and the influence of his depiction of this war on U.S. popular novels, works on the war, literature and on the colonial-era history of the U.S. Franklin also covers, in relation, the history of fiction-writing and novels in the U.S.