This iCue Mini-Documentary describes how, to assure citizenship to blacks after the Civil War, Congress proposed the 14th Amendment. However, most Southern states refused to ratify it.

This iCue Mini-Documentary describes the early-20th-century setbacks in civil rights, as racial segregation was common on rail cars, in schools, and in the workplace.

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Populism and Progressivism developed in the early 20th century. Professor Steven Hahn of the University of Pennsylvania compares the two political movements.

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This iCue Mini-Documentary describes how, in the 1880s, black farmers suffered the most in the economic downturn and organized themselves into the Colored Farmers' Alliance.

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This iCue Mini-Documentary describes how Abraham Lincoln's successor, Vice President Andrew Johnson, was an immediate disappointment to Lincoln supporters who wanted to protect the rights of newly freed blacks.

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Historian Carroll Gibbs discusses the foundation and early years of Georgetown (now part of Washington, D.C.), looking particularly at the role of African Americans in the community. He touches on the slave trade and also on the growth of African-American churches and religious communities in the city.

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Author, architect, and Holocaust survivor Benjamin Hirsch talks about his and his siblings' escape from Nazi Germany and their efforts to adapt to life in the American South during the 1940s, in the face of continued antisemitism.

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Professor Eric Foner of Columbia University discusses the Black Codes, which were written by white southerners to force blacks to keep working on plantations.

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This iCue Mini-Documentary describes how the production demands of World War I draw blacks and whites from rural areas to factory jobs in the cities. However, along with that migration came racial tension.

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This iCue Mini-Documentary describes how, after the Emancipation Proclamation, blacks filled local and national offices, but white southerners were determined to pass new state laws to curtail this progress.

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