2-1.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Identify on a map the location of places and geographic features of the local community (e.g., landforms, bodies of water, parks) using the legend and the cardinal directions.

2-1.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Recognize characteristics of the local region, including its geographic features and natural resources.

2-1.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Recognize the features of urban, suburban, and rural areas of the local region.

2-1.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize changes that have occurred in the local community over time, including changes in the use of land and in the way people earn their living.

2-1.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Identify on a map or globe the location of his or her local community, state, nation, and continent.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Recognize maps, mental maps, and geographic models as representations of spatial relationships.
2. Find and describe the locations and conditions of places.

2-2.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Identify the basic functions of government, including making and enforcing laws, protecting citizens, and collecting taxes.

2-2.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Recognize different types of laws and those people who have the power and authority to enforce them.

2-2.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Identify the roles of leaders and officials in government, including law enforcement and public safety officials.

2-2.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the role of elected leaders, including mayor, governor, and president.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Identify political, social, and economic institutions that affect the student, the school, and the community.
2. Practice responsible citizenship within his or her school, community, and state.

2-3.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the role of community workers who provide goods and services.

2-3.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how people’s choices about what to buy will determine what goods and services are produced.

2-3.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain ways that people may obtain goods and services that they do not produce, including the use of barter and money.

2-3.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Identify examples of markets and price in the local community and explain the roles of buyers and sellers in creating markets and pricing.

2-3.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the effects of supply and demand on the price of goods and services.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Identify cause-and-effect relationships.
2. Understand that people make choices based on the scarcity of resources.
3. Explain the importance of jobs in the fulfillment of personal and social goals.

2-4.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Recognize the basic elements that make up a cultural region in the United States, including language, beliefs, customs, art, and literature.

2-4.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Compare the historic and cultural traditions of various regions in the United States and recognize the ways that these elements have been and continue to be passed across generations.

2-4.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Recognize the cultural contributions of Native American tribal groups, African Americans, and immigrant groups.

2-4.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Recall stories and songs that reflect the cultural history of various regions in the United States, including stories of regional folk figures, Native American legends, and African American folktales.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Distinguish between past, present, and future time.
2. Measure and calculate calendar time.
3. Identify cause-and-effect relationships.
4. Interpret information from a variety of social studies resources.(2-4)

7-1.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Compare the colonial claims and the expansion of European powers through 1770.

7-1.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how technological and scientific advances contributed to the power of European nations.

7-1.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the policy of mercantilism as a way of building a nation’s wealth, including government policies to control trade.

7-1.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the beginnings of capitalism and the ways that it was affected by mercantilism, the developing market economy, international trade, and the rise of the middle class.

7-1.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Compare the differing ways that European nations developed political and economic influences, including trade and settlement patterns, on the continents of Asia, Africa, and the Americas.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Identify and explain the relationships among multiple causes and multiple effects.
2. Explain why trade occurs and how historical patterns of trade have contributed to global interdependence.
3. Select or design appropriate forms of social studies resources(7-1) to organize and evaluate social studies information.
4. Identify the location of places, the conditions at places, and the connections between places.

7-2.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the characteristics of limited government and unlimited government that evolved in Europe in the 1600s and 1700s.

7-2.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how the scientific revolution challenged authority and influenced Enlightenment philosophers, including the importance of the use of reason, the challenges to the Catholic Church, and the contributions of Galileo and Sir Isaac Newton.

7-2.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the Enlightenment ideas of John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Montesquieu, and Voltaire that challenged absolutism and influenced the development of limited government.

7-2.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the effects of the English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution on the power of the monarchy in England and on limited government.

7-2.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how the Enlightenment influenced the American and French revolutions leading to the formation of limited forms of government, including the relationship between people and their government, the role of constitutions, the characteristics of shared powers, the protection of individual rights, and the promotion of the common good.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Explain change and continuity over time and across cultures.
2. Understand responsible citizenship in relation to the state, national, and international communities.
3. Evaluate multiple points of view or biases and attribute the perspectives to the influences of individual experiences, societal values, and cultural traditions.

7-3.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the causes, key events, and outcomes of the French Revolution, including the storming of the Bastille, the Reign of Terror, and Napoleon’s rise to power.

7-3.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the effects of the Napoleonic Wars on the development and spread of nationalism in Europe, including the Congress of Vienna, the revolutionary movements of 1830 and 1848, and the unification of Germany and Italy.

7-3.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how the Haitian, Mexican, and South American revolutions were influenced by Enlightenment ideas as well as by the spread of nationalism and the revolutionary movements in the United States and Europe.

7-3.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how the Industrial Revolution caused economic, cultural, and political changes around the world.

7-3.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the ways that industrialization contributed to imperialism in India, Japan, China, and African regions, including the need for new markets and raw materials, the Open Door Policy, and the Berlin Conference of 1884.

7-3.6. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain reactions to imperialism that resulted from growing nationalism, including the Zulu wars, the Sepoy Rebellion, the Opium Wars, the Boxer Rebellion, and the Meiji Restoration.

7-3.7. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the causes and effects of the Spanish-American War as a reflection of American imperialist interests, including acquisitions, military occupations, and status as an emerging world power.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Explain change and continuity over time and across cultures.
2. Interpret parallel time lines from different places and cultures.
3. Compare the locations of places, the conditions at places, and the connections between places.
4. Evaluate multiple points of view or biases and attribute the perspectives to the influences of individual experiences, societal values, and cultural traditions.

7-4.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the causes and course of World War I, including militarism, alliances, imperialism, nationalism, the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the impact of Russia’s withdrawal from, and the United States entry into the war.

7-4.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the outcomes of World War I, including the creation of President Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points, the Treaty of Versailles, the shifts in national borders, and the League of Nations.

7-4.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the causes and effects of the worldwide depression that took place in the 1930s, including the effects of the economic crash of 1929.

7-4.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Compare the ideologies of socialism, communism, fascism, and Nazism and their influence on the rise of totalitarian governments after World War I in Italy, Germany, Japan, and the Soviet Union as a response to the worldwide depression.

7-4.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the causes and course of World War II, including drives for empire, appeasement and isolationism, the invasion of Poland, the Battle of Britain, the invasion of the Soviet Union, the “Final Solution,” the Lend-Lease program, Pearl Harbor, Stalingrad, the campaigns in North Africa and the Mediterranean, the D-Day invasion, the island-hopping campaigns, and the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

7-4.6. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the Holocaust and its impact on European society and Jewish culture, including Nazi policies to eliminate the Jews and other minorities, the Nuremberg trials, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the rise of nationalism in Southwest Asia (Middle East), the creation of the state of Israel, and the resultant conflicts in the region.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Compare the locations of places, the conditions at places, and the connections between places.
2. Select or design appropriate forms of social studies resources(7-4) to organize and evaluate social studies information.
3. Identify and explain the relationships among multiple causes and multiple effects.

7-5.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Compare the political and economic ideologies of the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War.

7-5.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the impact of the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the United Nations, and the Warsaw Pact on the course of the Cold War.

7-5.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the spread of communism in Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa, and Latin America, including the ideas of the satellite state containment, and the domino theory.

7-5.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the political and technological competition between the Soviet Union and the United States for global influence, including the Korean Conflict, the Berlin Wall, the Vietnam War, the Cuban missile crisis, the “space race,” and the threat of nuclear annihilation.

7-5.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the events that contributed to the collapse of the Soviet Union and other communist governments in Europe, including the growth of resistance movements in Eastern Europe, the policies of Mikhail Gorbachev and Ronald Reagan, and the failures of communist economic systems.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Identify and explain the relationships among multiple causes and multiple effects.
2. Explain change and continuity over time and across cultures.
3. Evaluate multiple points of view or biases and attribute the perspectives to the influences of individual experiences, societal values, and cultural traditions.
4. Cite specific textual evidence to support the analysis of primary and secondary sources.

7-6.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the political and social impact of the collapse/dissolution of the Soviet Union and subsequent changes to European borders, including those of Russia and the Independent Republics, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia; the breakup of Yugoslavia; the reunification of Germany; and the birth of the European Union (EU).

7-6.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Compare features of nationalist and independence movements in different regions in the post–World War II period, including Mohandas Gandhi’s role in the non-violence movement for India’s independence, the emergence of nationalist movements in African and Asian countries, and the collapse of the apartheid system in South Africa.

7-6.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the ongoing conflicts in the Middle East, including the Persian Gulf War, the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001, and the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.

7-6.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Compare the social, economic, and political opportunities for women in various nations and societies around the world, including those in developing and industrialized nations and within societies dominated by religions.

7-6.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the significance and impact of the information, technological, and communications revolutions, including the role of television, satellites, computers, and the Internet.

7-6.6. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the dangers to the natural environment that are posed by population growth, urbanization, and industrialization, including global influences on the environment and the efforts by citizens and governments to protect the natural environment.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Select or design appropriate forms of social studies resources(7-6) to organize and evaluate social studies information.
2. Identify and explain the relationships among multiple causes and multiple effects.
3. Integrate information from a variety of media sources with print or digital text in an appropriate manner.
4. Explain change and continuity over time and across cultures.
5. Evaluate multiple points of view or biases and attribute the perspectives to the influences of individual experiences, societal values, and cultural traditions.

6-1.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the characteristics of hunter-gatherer groups and their relationship to the natural environment.

6-1.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the emergence of agriculture and its effect on early human communities, including the domestication of plants and animals, the impact of irrigation techniques, and subsequent food surpluses.

6-1.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Compare the river valley civilizations of the Tigris and Euphrates (Mesopotamia), the Nile (Egypt), the Indus (India), and the Huang He (China), including the evolution of written language, government, trade systems, architecture, and forms of social order.

6-1.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the origins, fundamental beliefs, and spread of Eastern religions, including Hinduism (India), Judaism (Mesopotamia), Buddhism (India), and Confucianism and Taoism (China).

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Explain change and continuity over time and across cultures.
2. Interpret parallel time lines from different places and cultures.
3. Identify and explain multiple causation and multiple effects.
4. Compare the locations of places, the conditions at places, and the connections between places.

6-2.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Describe the development of ancient Greek culture (the Hellenic period), including the concept of citizenship and the early forms of democracy in Athens.

6-2.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the role of Alexander the Great (Hellenistic period), Socrates, Plato, Archimedes, Aristotle, and others in the creation and spread of Greek governance, literature, philosophy, the arts, math, and science.

6-2.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Describe the development of Roman civilization, including language, government, architecture, and engineering.

6-2.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Describe the expansion and transition of the Roman government from monarchy to republic to empire, including the roles of Julius Caesar and Augustus Caesar (Octavius).

6-2.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the decline and collapse of the Roman Empire and the impact of the Byzantine Empire, including the Justinian Code and the preservation of ancient Greek and Roman learning, architecture, and government.

6-2.6. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Compare the polytheistic belief systems of the Greeks and the Romans with the origins, foundational beliefs, and spread of Christianity.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Explain change and continuity over time and across cultures.
2. Interpret parallel time lines from different places and cultures.
3. Identify and explain multiple causation and multiple effects.
4. Compare the locations of places, the conditions at places, and the connections between places.
5. Explain how political, social, and economic institutions are similar or different across time and/or throughout the world.

6-3.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the major contributions of the Chinese civilization from the Qing dynasty through the Ming dynasty, including the golden age of art and literature, the invention of gunpowder and woodblock printing, and the rise of trade via the Silk Road.

6-3.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the major contributions of the Japanese civilization, including the Japanese feudal system, the Shinto traditions, and works of art and literature.

6-3.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the major contributions of India, including those of the Gupta dynasty in mathematics, literature, religion, and science.

6-3.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the origin and fundamental beliefs of Islam and the geographic and economic aspects of its expansion.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Explain change and continuity over time and across cultures.
2. Interpret parallel time lines from different places and cultures.
3. Identify and explain multiple causation and multiple effects.
4. Compare the locations of places, the conditions at places, and the connections between places.
5. Explain how political, social, and economic institutions are similar or different across time and/or throughout the world.

6-4.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Compare the major contributions of the African civilizations of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai, including the impact of Islam on the cultures of these kingdoms.

6-4.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Describe the influence of geography on trade in the African kingdoms, including the salt and gold trades.

6-4.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Compare the contributions and the decline of the Maya, Aztec, and Inca civilizations in Central and South America, including their forms of government and their contributions in mathematics, astronomy, and architecture.

6-4.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the contributions, features, and rise and fall of the North American ancestors of the numerous Native American tribes, including the Adena, Hopewell, Pueblo, and Mississippian cultures.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Compare the locations of places, the conditions at places, and the connections between places.
2. Explain change and continuity over time and across cultures.
3. Interpret parallel time lines from different places and cultures.
4. Select or design appropriate forms of social studies resources(6-4) to organize and evaluate social studies information.

6-5.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain feudalism and its relationship to the development of European monarchies and nation-states, including feudal relationships, the daily lives of peasants and serfs, and the economy under the manorial system.

6-5.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the effects of the Magna Carta on European society, its effect on the feudal system, and its contribution to the development of representative government in England.

6-5.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the course of the Crusades and explain their effects on feudalism and their role in spreading Christianity.

6-5.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the role and influence of the Roman Catholic Church in medieval Europe.

6-5.5 Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the origins and impact of the bubonic plague (Black Death) on feudalism.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Compare the locations of places, the conditions at places, and the connections between places.
2. Analyze evidence, arguments, claims, and beliefs.
3. Explain change and continuity over time and across cultures.
4. Identify and explain the relationships among multiple causes and multiple effects.

6-6.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the contributions of the Italian Renaissance, including the importance of Florence, the influence of humanism and the accomplishments of the Italians in art, music, literature, and architecture.

6-6.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Identify key figures of the Renaissance and the Reformation and their contributions (e.g., Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Johannes Gutenberg, John Calvin, and Martin Luther).

6-6.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the causes, events, and points of contention and denominational affiliations (of nations) of the Reformation and the Catholic Reformation (Counter Reformation).

6-6.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Compare the economic, political, and religious incentives of the various European countries to explore and settle new lands.

6-6.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Identify the origin and destinations of the voyages of major European explorers.

6-6.6. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the effects of the exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technology throughout Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas (known as the Columbian Exchange).

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Compare the locations of places, the conditions at places, and the connections between places.
2. Analyze evidence, arguments, claims, and beliefs.
3. Explain change and continuity over time and across cultures.
4. Identify and explain the relationships among multiple causes and multiple effects.
5. Apply economic decision making to understand how limited resources necessitate choices.

3-1.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Categorize the six landform regions of South Carolina—the Blue Ridge, the Piedmont, the Sand Hills, the Inner Coastal Plain, the Outer Coastal Plain, and the Coastal Zone—according to their climate, physical features, and natural resources.

3-1.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Describe the location and characteristics of significant features of South Carolina, including landforms; river systems such as the Pee Dee River Basin, the Santee River Basin, the Edisto River Basin, and the Savannah River Basin; major cities; and climate regions.

3-1.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain interactions between the people and the physical landscape of South Carolina over time, including the effects on population distribution, patterns of migration, access to natural resources, and economic development.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Interpret information from a variety of social studies resources.(3-1)
2. Recognize maps, mental maps, and geographic models as representations of spatial relationships.
3. Find and describe the locations and conditions of places.
4. Understand that people make choices based on the scarcity of resources.
5. Share thoughts and ideas willingly.
6. Use visual elements as aids to understand where, when, why, and how.

3-2.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Compare the culture, governance, and physical environment of the major Native American tribal groups of South Carolina, including the Cherokee, Catawba, and Yemassee.

3-2.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the motives, activities, and accomplishments of the exploration of South Carolina by the Spanish, French, and English.

3-2.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Describe the initial contact, cooperation, and conflict between the Native Americans and European settlers in South Carolina.

3-2.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the development of the Carolina colony under the Lords Proprietors and the royal colonial government, including settlement by and trade with the people of Barbados and the influence of other immigrant groups.

3-2.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the role of Africans in developing the culture and economy of South Carolina, including the growth of the slave trade; slave contributions to the plantation economy; the daily lives of the enslaved people; the development of the Gullah culture; and their resistance to slavery.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Identify cause-and-effect relationships.
2. Interpret information from a variety of social studies resources.(3-2)
3. Recognize maps, mental maps, and geographic models as representations of spatial relationships.
4. Find and describe the location and condition of places.
5. Distinguish between wants and needs and between consumers and producers.
6. Use visual elements as aids to understand where, when, why, and how.

3-3.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the causes of the American Revolution, including Britain’s passage of the Stamp Act, the Tea Act, and the Intolerable Acts; the rebellion of the colonists; and the writing of the Declaration of Independence.

3-3.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Compare the perspectives of South Carolinians during the American Revolution, including Patriots, Loyalists, women, enslaved and free Africans, and Native Americans.

3-3.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the course of the American Revolution in South Carolina, including the role of William Jasper and Fort Moultrie; the occupation of Charles Town by the British; the partisan warfare of Thomas Sumter, Andrew Pickens, and Francis Marion; and the battles of Cowpens, Kings Mountain, and Eutaw Springs.

3-3.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the effects of the American Revolution, including the establishment of state and national governments.

3-3.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Outline the structure of state government, including the branches of government (legislative, executive, and judicial), the representative bodies of each branch (general assembly, governor, and supreme court), and the basic powers of each branch.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Distinguish between past, present, and future time.
2. Identify cause-and-effect relationships.
3. Interpret information from a variety of social studies resources.(3-3)
4. Share thoughts and ideas willingly.
5. Use visual elements as aids to understand where, when, why, and how.

3-4.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Compare the economic conditions for various classes of people in South Carolina, including the elite, the middle class, the lower class, the independent farmers, and the enslaved and free African Americans.

3-4.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the development of slavery in antebellum South Carolina, including the invention of the cotton gin and the subsequent expansion of and economic dependence on slavery.

3-4.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the reasons for South Carolina’s secession from the Union, including the abolitionist movement and the concept of states’ rights.

3-4.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the course of the Civil War in South Carolina, including the Secession Convention, the firing on Fort Sumter, the Union blockade of Charleston, the significance of the Hunley submarine; the exploits of Robert Smalls; and General William T. Sherman’s march through the state.

3-4.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how the destruction caused by the Civil War affected the economy and daily lives of South Carolinians, including the scarcity of food, clothing, and living essentials and the continuing racial tensions.

3-4.6. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the positive and negative effects of Reconstruction in South Carolina, including the development of public education; the establishment of sharecropping; racial advancements and tensions; and the attempts to rebuild towns, factories, and farms.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Identify cause-and-effect relationships.
2. Interpret information from a variety of social studies resources.(3-4)
3. Find and describe the location and condition of places.
4. Work in teams to learn collaboratively.
5. Use visual elements as aids to understand where, when, why, and how.

3-5.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the social and economic impact of developments in agriculture, industry and technology, including the creation of Jim Crow laws, the rise and fall of textile markets, and the expansion of the railroad.

3-5.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the causes and impact of emigration from South Carolina and internal migration from rural areas to the cities, including discrimination and unemployment; poor sanitation and transportation services; and the lack of electricity and other modern conveniences in rural locations.

3-5.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the effects of the Great Depression on daily life in South Carolina, including the widespread poverty and unemployment and the efforts of the federal government to create jobs through a variety of New Deal programs.

3-5.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the social and economic impact of World War II and the Cold War on South Carolina, including the end of the Great Depression, improvements in modern conveniences, increased opportunities for women and African Americans, and the significance of the opening and eventual closing of military bases.

3-5.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the development of economic, political, and social opportunities of African Americans in South Carolina, including the end of Jim Crow laws; the desegregation of schools (Briggs v. Elliott) and other public facilities; and efforts of African Americans to achieve the right to vote.

3-5.6. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Describe the growth of tourism and its impact on the economy of South Carolina, including the development of historic sites, state parks, and resorts and the expanding transportation systems that allow for greater access to our state.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Distinguish between past, present, and future time.
2. Identify cause-and-effect relationships.
3. Interpret information from a variety of social studies resources.(3-5)
4. Find and describe the location and condition of places.
5. Understand that people make choices based on the scarcity of resources.
6. Use visual elements as aids to understand where, when, why, and how.

USHC-1.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the distinct characteristics of each colonial region in the settlement and development of British North America, including religious, social, political, and economic differences.

USHC-1.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the early development of representative government and political rights in the American colonies, including the influence of the British political system and the rule of law as written in the Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights, and the conflict between the colonial legislatures and the British Parliament over the right to tax that resulted in the American Revolutionary War.

USHC-1.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the impact of the Declaration of Independence and the American Revolution on establishing the ideals of a democratic republic.

USHC-1.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze how dissatisfactions with the government under the Articles of Confederation were addressed with the writing of the Constitution of 1787, including the debates and compromises reached at the Philadelphia Convention and the ratification of the Constitution.

USHC-1.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how the fundamental principle of limited government is protected by the Constitution and the Bill of Rights, including democracy, republicanism, federalism, the separation of powers, the system of checks and balances, and individual rights.

USHC-1.6. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the development of the two-party system during the presidency of George Washington, including controversies over domestic and foreign policies and the regional interests of the Democratic-Republicans and the Federalists.

USHC-1.7. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the expansion of the power of the national government as a result of Supreme Court decisions under Chief Justice John Marshall, such as the establishment of judicial review in Marbury v. Madison and the impact of political party affiliation on the Court.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Analyze and draw conclusions about the locations of places, the conditions at places, and the connections between places.
2. Examine the relationship of the present to the past and use knowledge of the past to make informed decisions in the present and to extrapolate into the future.
3. Trace and describe continuity and change across cultures.
4. Analyze, interpret, and synthesize social studies resources to make inferences and draw conclusions.(USHC-1)
5. Explain how groups work to challenge traditional institutions and effect change to promote the needs and interests of society.
6. Create a thesis supported by research to convince an audience of its validity.

USHC-2.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the impact of the westward movement on nationalism and democracy, including the expansion of the franchise, the displacement of Native Americans from the southeast and conflicts over states’ rights and federal power during the era of Jacksonian democracy as the result of major land acquisitions such as the Louisiana Purchase, the Oregon Treaty, and the Mexican Cession.

USHC-2.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how the Monroe Doctrine and the concept of Manifest Destiny affected the United States’ relationships with foreign powers, including the role of the United States in the Texan Revolution and the Mexican War..

USHC-2.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Compare the economic development in different regions (the South, the North, and the West) of the United States during the early nineteenth century, including ways that economic policy contributed to political controversies.

USHC-2.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Compare the social and cultural characteristics of the North, the South, and the West during the antebellum period, including the lives of African Americans and social reform movements such as abolition and women’s rights.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Assess the relative importance of multiple causes on outcomes.
2. Represent and interpret Earth’s physical and human systems by using maps, mental maps, geographic models, and other social studies resources to make inferences and draw conclusions.(USHC-2)
3. Compare the ways that different economic systems answer the fundamental questions of what goods and services should be produced, how they should be produced, and who will consume them.
4. Analyze, interpret, and synthesize social studies resources to make inferences and draw conclusions.(USHC-2)
5. Create a thesis supported by research to convince an audience of its validity.

USHC-3.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Evaluate the relative importance of political events and issues that divided the nation and led to civil war, including the compromises reached to maintain the balance of free and slave states, the abolitionist movement, the Dred Scott case, conflicting views on states’ rights and federal authority, the emergence of the Republican Party, and the formation of the Confederate States of America.

USHC-3.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the course of the Civil War and its impact on democracy, including the major turning points; the impact of the Emancipation Proclamation; the unequal treatment afforded to African American military units; the geographic, economic, and political factors in the defeat of the Confederacy; and the ultimate defeat of the idea of secession.

USHC-3.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the effects of Reconstruction on the southern states and on the role of the federal government, including the impact of the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth amendments on opportunities for African Americans.

USHC-3.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the end of Reconstruction, including the role of anti–African American factions and competing national interests in undermining support for Reconstruction; the impact of the removal of federal protection for freedmen; and the impact of Jim Crow laws and voter restrictions on African American rights in the post-Reconstruction era.

USHC-3.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Evaluate the varied responses of African Americans to the restrictions imposed on them in the post-Reconstruction period, including the leadership and strategies of Booker T. Washington, W. E. B. DuBois, and Ida B. Wells-Barnett.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Examine the relationship of the present to the past and use a knowledge of the past to make informed decisions in the present and to extrapolate into the future.
2. Assess the relative importance of multiple causes on outcomes.
3. Analyze, interpret, and synthesize social studies resources to make inferences and draw conclusions.(USHC-3)
4. Analyze and draw conclusions about the locations of places, the conditions at places, and the connections between places.
5. Explain contemporary patterns of human behavior, culture, and political and economic systems.
6. Explain how groups work to challenge traditional institutions and effect change to promote the needs and interests of society.
7. Create a thesis supported by research to convince an audience of its validity.

USHC-4.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the impact that government policy and the construction of the transcontinental railroads had on the development of the national market and on the culture of Native American peoples.

USHC-4.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the factors that influenced the economic growth of the United States and its emergence as an industrial power, including the abundance of natural resources; government support and protection in the form of railroad subsidies, tariffs, and labor policies; and the expansion of international markets.

USHC-4.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Evaluate the role of capitalism and its impact on democracy, including the ascent of new industries, the increasing availability of consumer goods and the rising standard of living, the role of entrepreneurs, the rise of business through monopoly and the influence of business ideologies.

USHC-4.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the impact of industrial growth and business cycles on farmers, workers, immigrants, labor unions, and the Populist movement and the ways that these groups and the government responded to the economic problems caused by industry and business.

USHC-4.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the causes and effects of urbanization in late nineteenth-century America, including the movement from farm to city, the changing immigration patterns, the rise of ethnic neighborhoods, the role of political machines, and the migration of African Americans to the North, Midwest, and West.

USHC-4.6. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Compare the accomplishments and limitations of the women’s suffrage movement and the Progressive Movement in affecting social and political reforms in America, including the roles of the media and of reformers such as Carrie Chapman Catt, Alice Paul, Jane Addams, and presidents Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Examine the relationship of the present to the past and use a knowledge of the past to make informed decisions in the present and to extrapolate into the future.
2. Assess the relative importance of multiple causes on outcomes.
3. Analyze how a scarcity of productive resources affects economic choice.
4. Analyze the role of government in promoting entrepreneurial activity.
5. Analyze, interpret, and synthesize social studies resources to make inferences and draw conclusions.(USHC-4)
6. Explain how groups work to challenge traditional institutions and effect change to promote the needs and interests of society.
7. Create a thesis supported by research to convince an audience of its validity.

USHC-5.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the development of American expansionism, including the change from isolationism to intervention and the rationales for imperialism based on Social Darwinism, expanding capitalism, and domestic tensions.

USHC-5.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the influence of the Spanish-American War on the emergence of the United States as a world power, including the role of yellow journalism in the American declaration of war against Spain, United States interests and expansion in the South Pacific, and the debate between pro- and anti-imperialists over annexation of the Philippines.

USHC-5.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize United States foreign policies in different regions of the world during the early twentieth century, including the purposes and effects of the Open Door policy with China, the United States role in the Panama Revolution, Theodore Roosevelt’s “big stick diplomacy,” William Taft’s “dollar diplomacy,” and Woodrow Wilson’s “moral diplomacy” and changing worldwide perceptions of the United States.

USHC-5.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the causes and consequences of United States involvement in World War I, including the failure of neutrality and the reasons for the declaration of war, the role of propaganda in creating a unified war effort, the limitation of individual liberties, and Woodrow Wilson’s leadership in the Treaty of Versailles and the creation of the League of Nations.

USHC-5.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the United States rejection of internationalism, including postwar disillusionment, the Senate’s refusal to ratify the Versailles Treaty, the election of 1920, and the role of the United States in international affairs in the 1920s.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Examine the relationship of the present to the past and use a knowledge of the past to make informed decisions in the present and to extrapolate into the future.
2. Assess the relative importance of multiple causes on outcomes.
3. Analyze, interpret, and synthesize social studies resources to make inferences and draw conclusions.(USHC-5)
4. Represent and interpret Earth’s physical and human systems by using maps, mental maps, geographic models, and other social studies resources to make inferences and draw conclusions.(USHC-5)
5. Explain how an interdependent, specialized, and voluntary worldwide trade network affects standards of living and economic growth.
6. Create a thesis supported by research to convince an audience of its validity.

USHC-6.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the impact of the changes in the 1920s on the economy, society, and culture, including the expansion of mass production techniques, the invention of new home appliances, the introduction of the installment plan, the role of transportation in changing urban life, the effect of radio and movies in creating a national mass culture, and the cultural changes exemplified by the Harlem Renaissance.

USHC-6.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the causes and effects of the social change and conflict between traditional and modern culture that took place during the 1920s, including the role of women, the “Red Scare”, the resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan, immigration quotas, Prohibition, and the Scopes trial.

USHC-6.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the causes and consequences of the Great Depression, including the disparities in income and wealth distribution; the collapse of the farm economy and the effects of the Dust Bowl; limited governmental regulation; taxes, investment; and stock market speculation; policies of the federal government and the Federal Reserve System; and the effects of the Depression on the people.

USHC-6.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze President Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal as a response to the economic crisis of the Great Depression, including the effectiveness of New Deal programs in relieving suffering and achieving economic recovery, in protecting the rights of women and minorities, and in making significant reforms to protect the economy such as Social Security and labor laws.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Examine the relationship of the present to the past and use a knowledge of the past to make informed decisions in the present and to extrapolate into the future.
2. Assess the relative importance of multiple causes on outcomes.
3. Analyze how a scarcity of productive resources affects economic choices.
4. Analyze the role of fiscal and regulatory policies in a mixed economy.
5. Explain how the United States government provides public services, redistributes income, regulates economic activity, and promotes economic growth.
6. CExplain contemporary patterns of human behavior, culture, and political and economic systems.
7. Analyze, interpret, and synthesize social studies resources to make inferences and draw conclusions.(USHC-6)

USHC-7.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the decision of the United States to enter World War II, including the nation’s movement from a policy of isolationism to international involvement and the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.

USHC-7.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Evaluate the impact of war mobilization on the home front, including consumer sacrifices, the role of women and minorities in the workforce, and limits on individual rights that resulted in the internment of Japanese Americans.

USHC-7.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how controversies among the Big Three Allied leaders over war strategies led to post-war conflict between the United States and the USSR, including delays in the opening of the second front in Europe, the participation of the Soviet Union in the war in the Pacific, and the dropping of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

USHC-7.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize the economic, humanitarian, and diplomatic effects of World War II, including the end of the Great Depression, the Holocaust, the war crimes trials, and the creation of Israel.

USHC-7.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the impact of the Cold War on national security and individual freedom, including the containment policy and the role of military alliances, the effects of the “Red Scare” and McCarthyism, the conflicts in Korea and the Middle East, the Iron Curtain and the Berlin Wall, the Cuban missile crisis, and the nuclear arms race.

USHC-7.6. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the causes and consequences of social and cultural changes in postwar America, including educational programs, the consumer culture and expanding suburbanization, the advances in medical and agricultural technology that led to changes in the standard of living and demographic patterns, and the roles of women in American society.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Examine the relationship of the present to the past and use a knowledge of the past to make informed decisions in the present and to extrapolate into the future.
2. Assess the relative importance of multiple causes on outcomes.
3. Analyze, interpret, and synthesize social studies resources to make inferences and draw conclusions.(USHC-7)

USHC-8.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the African American Civil Rights Movement, including initial strategies, landmark court cases and legislation, the roles of key civil rights advocates and the media, and the influence of the Civil Rights Movement on other groups seeking equality.

USHC-8.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Compare the social and economic policies of presidents Lyndon Johnson and Richard Nixon, including support for civil rights legislation, programs for the elderly and the poor, environmental protection, and the impact of these policies on politics.

USHC-8.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain the development of the war in Vietnam and its impact on American government and politics, including the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution and the policies of the Johnson administration, protests and opposition to the war, the role of the media, the policies of the Nixon administration, and the growing credibility gap that culminated in the Watergate scandal.

USHC-8.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the causes and consequences of the resurgence of the conservative movement, including social and cultural changes of the 1960s and 1970s, Supreme Court decisions on integration and abortion, the economic and social policies of the Reagan administration, and the role of the media.

USHC-8.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize key political and economic issues of the last twenty-five years, including continuing dependence on foreign oil; trade agreements and globalization; health and education reforms; increases in economic disparity and recession; tax policy; the national surplus, debt, and deficits; immigration; presidential resignation/impeachment; and the elections of 2000 and 2008.

USHC-8.6. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize America’s role in the changing world, including the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the expansion of the European Union, the continuing crisis in the Middle East, and the rise of global terrorism.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Examine the relationship of the present to the past and use a knowledge of the past to make informed decisions in the present and to extrapolate into the future.
2. Analyze, interpret, and synthesize social studies resources to make inferences and draw conclusions.(USHC-8)
3. Explain how groups work to challenge traditional institutions and effect change to promote the needs and interests of society.
4. Explain how the United States government provides public services, redistributes income, regulates economic activity, and promotes economic growth.

ECON-1.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain that the practice of economic decision making is an evaluation process that measures additional benefits versus additional costs.

ECON-1.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain why the productive resources of land, labor, and capital are limited.

ECON-1.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Apply the concept that people respond to positive and negative incentives to past and current economic decisions.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Analyze how a scarcity of productive resources affects economic choices.
2. Explain the opportunity cost involved in the allocation of scarce productive resources.
3. Compare the locations of places, the conditions at places, and the connections between places.
4. Examine the relationship of the present to the past and use a knowledge of the past to make informed decisions in the present and to extrapolate into the future.

ECON-2.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Illustrate how markets are created when voluntary exchanges occur between buyers and sellers.

ECON-2.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how efficient markets allocate goods, services, and the factors of production in a market-based economy.Explain why the productive resources of land, labor, and capital are limited.

ECON-2.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Illustrate how competition among sellers lowers costs and prices.

ECON-2.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Illustrate how an economically efficient market allocates goods and services to the buyers who are willing to pay for them.

ECON-2.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how business cycles, market conditions, government policies, and inequalities affect the living standards of individuals and other economic entities.

ECON-2.6. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how market power enables some market structures to affect their situations to varying degrees and to use this market power to increase prices and reduce output.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Examine the costs and the benefits of economic choices made by a particular society and explain how those choices affect overall economic well-being.
2. Compare the ways that different economic systems answer the fundamental questions of what goods and services should be produced, how they should be produced, and who will consume them.

ECON-3.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain that institutions in a market economy help individuals and groups accomplish their goals.

ECON-3.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Illustrate how money and the consequent banking system facilitate trade, historically and currently.

ECON-3.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how real interest rates adjust savings with borrowing, thus affecting the allocation of scarce resources between present and future users.

ECON-3.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Use a circular flow diagram to explain how changes in economic activity affect households and businesses.

ECON-3.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how the federal government regulates the American economy in order to provide economic security, full employment, and economic equity.

ECON-3.6. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how economic indicators are used to evaluate changes in economic activity.

ECON-3.7. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Illustrate the relationships among business cycles and unemployment, growth, price levels, wage rates, and investment.

ECON-3.8. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how the Federal Reserve regulates the amount of cash that banks can acquire and retain and therefore helps to provide a foundation for economic stability.

ECON-3.9. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Exemplify how government, in a market economy, provides for services that private markets fail to provide and thus the costs of government policies often exceed benefits.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Explain how the United States government provides public services, redistributes income, regulates economic activity, and promotes economic growth.
2. Analyze the role of the government in promoting entrepreneurial activity.
3. Assess the relative importance of multiple causes on outcomes.

ECON-4.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize how differing factor endowments—such as geography, the development of technology, and the abundance of labor—affect the goods and services in which a nation specializes.

ECON-4.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how the United States specializes in the production of those goods and services in which it has a comparative advantage.

ECON-4.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how the rise of a global marketplace contributes to the well-being of all societies but the benefits derived from globalization are unequal.

ECON-4.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how a global marketplace influences domestic labor markets, wage rates, unemployment levels, and disparities in earning potentials.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Explain how political, social, and economic institutions are similar or different across time and/or throughout the world.
2. Compare the ways that different economic systems answer the fundamental questions of what goods and services should be produced, how they should be produced, and who will consume them.
3. Explain how an interdependent, specialized, and voluntary worldwide trade network affects a nation’s standard of living and economic growth.

ECON-5.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how individuals make personal economic decisions and how current spending and acquisition of debt can impact future income.

ECON-5.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain that income for most people is determined by the market value of the productive resources they sell.

ECON-5.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how wage rates for most workers depend upon the market value of what the workers produce for the marketplace.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Explain the use of a budget in making personal economic decisions and planning for the future.
2. Illustrate the fact that some choices provide greater benefits than others.
3. Explain how investment in human capital such as health, education, and training leads to economic growth.

USG-1.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze political theories related to the existence, necessity, and purpose of government, including natural rights, balance of the public and private interests, and physical and economic security.

USG-1.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze components of government and the governing process, including politics, power, authority, sovereignty, legitimacy, public institutions, efficacy, and civic life.

USG-1.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Evaluate the role and relationship of the citizen to government in democratic, republican, authoritarian, and totalitarian systems.

USG-1.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the institutional and organizational structure of government that allows it to carry out its purpose and function effectively, including the branches of government and legitimate bureaucratic institutions.

USG-1.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Evaluate limited government and unlimited government with regard to governance, including rule of law, the role of constitutions, civil rights, political freedom, economic freedom, and the ability of citizens to impact or influence the governing process.

USG-1.6. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Evaluate the organization of government in confederal, federal, and unitary systems, including the distribution of power and the advantages and disadvantages of each system.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Evaluate the validity of multiple points of view or biases by using evidence and sound reasoning.
2. Analyze, interpret, and synthesize social studies resources to make inferences and draw conclusions.(USG-1)
3. Model informed participatory citizenship.
4. Explain how groups work to challenge traditional institutions and effect change to promote the needs and interests of society.

USG-2.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Summarize core principles of United States government, including limited government, federalism, checks and balances, separation of powers, rule of law, popular sovereignty, republicanism, individual rights, freedom, equality, and self-government.

USG-2.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze developmental influences on the core political principles of American government, including Greek democracy, Roman republicanism, the Judeo-Christian heritage, and the European philosophers John Locke, Charles de Montesquieu, and William Blackstone.

USG-2.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the British heritage that fostered development of the core political principles of American government, including the Magna Carta, the Petition of Right (1628), the Glorious Revolution, the English Bill of Rights, and the Mayflower Compact.

USG-2.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Evaluate significant American founding documents in relation to core political principles, including the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, state constitutions, the United States Constitution, The Federalist papers, and the Bill of Rights.

USG-2.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Evaluate significant American historical documents in relation to the application of core principles (e.g., the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions, the Ordinance of Nullification, the Seneca Falls Declaration, the Emancipation Proclamation, Martin Luther King Jr.’s “Letter from a Birmingham Jail”), the eleventh through the twenty-seventh amendments to the Constitution, and critical Supreme Court cases.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Model informed participatory citizenship.
2. Explain how groups work to challenge traditional institutions and effect change to promote the needs and interests of society.
3. Analyze and evaluate evidence, arguments, claims, and beliefs.
4. Examine the relationship of the present to the past and use a knowledge of the past to make informed decisions in the present and to extrapolate into the future.

USG-3.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Evaluate the Constitution as the written framework of the United States government, including expression of the core principles of limited government, federalism, checks and balances, separation of powers, rule of law, popular sovereignty, republicanism, individual rights, freedom, equality, and self-government.

USG-3.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Evaluate the formal and informal structure, role, responsibilities, and authority of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of the national government as the embodiments of constitutional principles.

USG-3.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze federalism and its application in the United States, including the concepts of enumerated, concurrent, and reserved powers; the meaning of the ninth and tenth amendments; the principle of states’ rights; the promotion of limited government; the protection of individual rights; and the potential for conflict among the levels of government.

USG-3.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the organization and responsibilities of local and state governments in the United States federal system, including the role of state constitutions, the limitations on state governments, the typical organization of state governments, the relationship between state and local governments, and the major responsibilities of state governments.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Explain how political, social, and economic institutions are similar or different across time and/or throughout the world.
2. Analyze and evaluate evidence, arguments, claims, and beliefs.
3. Evaluate the validity of multiple points of view or biases by using evidence and sound reasoning.
4. Examine the relationship of the present to the past and use a knowledge of the past to make informed decisions in the present and to extrapolate into the future.

USG-4.1. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Evaluate the role of the citizen in the American political process, including civic responsibilities and the interaction between the citizen and government.

USG-4.2. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the process of political socialization and its relation to political participation.

USG-4.3. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Evaluate the role and function of common avenues utilized by citizens in political participation, including political parties, voting, polls, interest groups, and community service.

USG-4.4. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Analyze the process through which citizens monitor and influence public policy, including political parties, interest groups, the media, lobbying, donations, issue advocacy, and candidate support.

USG-4.5. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Evaluate the importance of civil rights and civil liberties for citizens in American political culture and the protective role of the national government through the Bill of Rights, the judicial system, and the Fourteenth Amendment.

USG-4.6. Knowledge And Skills / Essential Question:

Explain how fundamental values, principles, and rights often conflict within the American political system; why these conflicts arise; and how these conflicts are and can be addressed.

Social Studies Literacy Skills for the Twenty-First Century:

1. Understand responsible citizenship in relation to the state, national, and international communities.
2. Explain his or her relationship to others in the global community.
3. Explain contemporary patterns of human behavior, culture, and political and economic systems.
4. Examine the relationship of the present to the past and use a knowledge of the past to make informed decisions in the present and to extrapolate into the future.