Cottonwood Ranch State Historic Site

Description

John Fenton Pratt had no idea when he started building his ranch that it would someday tell the story of his family and his native Yorkshire, England. Visitors can tour the grounds and house of this relatively unchanged rural ranch set in the South Solomon River Valley of the High Plains. Through Pratt’s photo collection, stained glass windows, and examples of Yorkshire architecture, visitors will learn about businessman and sheep rancher Pratt, other early Kansas ranchers, and their stories.

The site offers exhibits, tours, and educational and recreational programs.

Douglas County Historical Society and Watkins Community Museum of History [Kansas]

Description

The Douglas County Historical Society is responsible for the operation, preservation, and development of collections in the Watkins Community Museum of History. The Museum is housed in a building that was once the Land Mortgage Company and Watkins National Bank, constructed between 1885 and 1888; it displays exhibits on early settlement, toys, sports, and other local history topics.

The museum offers exhibits, tours, workshops, and educational and recreational events.

Fort Hays State Historic Site [KS]

Description

Generals George A. Custer, Nelson Miles and Philip Sheridan, Major Reno, William "Buffalo Bill" Cody and James B. "Wild Bill" Hickok are part of the history of this outpost on a military trail. Established in 1865 in the land of the Cheyenne and Arapaho, Fort Hays protected railroad workers and travelers on the Smoky Hill Trail. Visitors can see the military items and photographs at the visitor center, as well as the original 1867 blockhouse, furnished officers' quarters, the original 1872 guardhouse, and Native American artifacts.

The site offers exhibits, tours, and educational and recreational programs.

Kaw Mission State Historic Site

Description

The Kaw Mission houses a museum that tells the story of the building that was home and school to thirty Kaw boys from 1851–1854. The Kaw lived in the Neosho Valley for less than thirty years when, despite an impassioned plea by Chief Allegawaho, the U.S. government removed the Kaw to Indian Territory (now Oklahoma). At the museum, visitors can learn more about Chief Allegawaho, the Kaw Indians, and others who lived in the area.

The site offers exhibits, a short film, and tours.

Heritage Center of Dickinson County [KS]

Description

The Center consists of two historical museums and surrounding outdoor exhibits. The Historical Museum depicts life on the plains during the American pioneer movement and westward expansion periods. Exhibits treat topics including Native American and pioneer life, railroads, agriculture, and the Victorian and cow-town eras. The Museum of Independent Telephony recreates the unique flavor of early independent telephone system history with hands-on displays of antique telephones, insulators, switchboards, and pay stations. Outside is the Pioneer Community, with actual buildings from around the county and the Parker Carousel, a national landmark carousel. Exhibits include a log cabin, barn, store, phone office, agriculture equipment, windmill, chickens and more.

The center offers exhibits, tours, educational programs, and occasional recreational and educational events (including living history events).

With or Without Slavery?

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map of Lecompton, 1858
Question

If the Lecompton Constitution version that would have allowed no further importation of slaves had won, would children born to the slaves already in Kansas still be considered slaves as well as their children into the future?

Answer

In the fall of 1857, the Kansas Territory's proslavery legislature met in the town of Lecompton and worked out a constitution, which it proposed to put up for a vote. The vote, however, was only between "the constitution with slavery" or "the constitution without slavery."

The proposed constitution was written in such a way that a vote "for the constitution without slavery" still allowed the residents of Kansas to keep the slaves they owned, while preventing new slaves from entering the territory.

Anti-slavery voters boycotted the referendum and consequently the "constitution with slavery" passed by a large margin. Kansas voters, however, eventually elected a new legislature and defeated the Lecompton Constitution. In 1859, they ratified the Wyandotte Constitution that outlawed slavery.

Article 7, Section 1, of the Lecompton Constitution stated that "… the right of the owner of a slave to such slave and its increase is the same and as inviolable as the right of the owner of any property whatever." The slave's "increase" meant the children of the slave, so they would still have been considered slaves, as would those slaves' children into the future.

For more information

Manuscript of the Lecompton Constitution

Thomas Goodrich. War to the Knife: Bleeding Kansas, 1854-1861. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1998.

Bibliography

Images:
"Forcing Slavery Down the Throat of a Free Soiler," 1856 political cartoon, Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress.

Detail of a map of Douglas County, Kansas Territory, 1858, showing the town of Lecompton.

Detail of an engraving of the town of Lecompton, 1859, Kansas State Historical Society.

The Indian Wars

Description

This iCue Mini-Documentary describes how the Native Americans fought back throughout the 19th century, as the U.S. Army tried to contain them on smaller and smaller parcels of land.

This feature is no longer available.