Fort Donelson National Battlefield [TN]

Description

Fort Donelson was a civil war fort located along the strategically important Ohio river. The Union victory at Fort Donelson in February 1862, was the first major Union victory of the war. After fighting off a small fleet of Union gunboats, the fort was surrounded by General Grant's army. The Confederate forces tried and failed to break the siege, and eventually surrendered unconditionally, giving the Union its first major victory and its first major war hero in General Grant. The park includes the fort and the surrounding Confederate fortifications.

The site offers historical information about the park as well as information to aid visitors, including a schedule of events, park map, list of nearby attractions, and logistical information such as park location and entrance fees. The park can be contacted by email via the "contact us" link on the website.

Shiloh National Military Park

Description

Shiloh National Military Park commemorates the battle of Shiloh, one of the bloodiest battles of the civil war. Fought in southwestern Tennessee, the battle claimed about 24,000 casualties, and served as a wake up call for both the Union and the Confederacy. The military park strives to present the battlefield in its original state, from treelines to buildings. In addition, the park contains miles of historical trails and roads for hikers and two visitor centers.

The site offers information about the battle and current day battlefield park as well as teacher resources.

Stones River National Battlefield [TN]

Description

The Battle of Stones River began on the last day of 1862 and was one of the bloodiest conflicts of the Civil War. The battle produced important military and political gains for the Union, and it changed forever the people who lived and fought here.

The battlefield offers exhibits, films, tours, living history demonstrations, and other educational and recreational programs and events.

Carter House Museum and Historical Site [TN]

Description

Designed and built under the supervision of Fountain Branch Carter in 1830, this house was occupied successively by three generations of his family. The Carter House commemorates the tragic Civil War Battle of Franklin, said to have been one of the bloodiest in the 19th century. The Confederates suffered 6,606 casualties. Of the Union forces, 2,326 soldiers were killed. The Carter House was the command post of Major General Jacob D. Cox, Federal field commander of Schofield's delaying action. It became the center of some of the heaviest fighting, and by the morning of December 1, 1864, it had been ravaged by bullets and parts of its roof splintered by cannon. East and south of the house some 13 charges were made by Confederate soldiers. The greatest loss of general officers in the war occurred in this battle on December 1. Nearby, Captain Theodoric Carter, C.S.A., scion of the Carter family, was mortally wounded, and died in the house on December 2.

A second website for the site can be found here.

The house offers a short film, exhibits, tours, educational programs, and occasional recreational and educational events (including living history events).

Belle Meade Plantation [TN]

Description

The 30-acre Belle Meade Plantation holds the Federal-style 1853 Belle Meade mansion and seven other historic buildings, including a stable and carriage house. The plantation was founded by John Harding in 1807. Harding was a devoted thoroughbred breeder and racer, as were many gentlemen from the South during his time. Tenneessee thoroughbred breeding became less common after the Civil War, as the state saw extensive troop movement. The mansion facade includes Greek Revival elements added in 1853, and the interior is furnished with 19th-century pieces. The plantation owned more slaves than the majority of antebellum Nashville plantations. Some of these slaves served as horse grooms and jockeys.

The plantation offers period rooms, 45-minute guided mansion tours, five educational program options for students, summer camps, home school days, traveling trunks, toddler programs, a student book club with online interactive activities, a junior docent program, culinary guided tours, and a restaurant. Reservations are required for groups of 15 or more. The second floor is not wheelchair accessible.

Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture

Image
musicians at the Grand Ol' Opry
Annotation

The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture contains more than 1,500 entries related to both state and national historical themes. In Categories, users can access entries, images, video, audio, and interactive resources from 38 separate thematic subjects (note: not all categories contain each type of resource). In addition, users can also access each item type by selecting the corresponding links in the navigation menu at the top of the page. A list of popular entries and images is also found at the bottom of the page.

The most dynamic aspects of the site are its visual sources and interactive files that can be used in the classroom. Each encyclopedia entry offers specific information about an event, place, or significant person—with any corresponding video, audio, or image linked within the entry page. Users looking at specific themes should search under the "Categories" page, but should be mindful that some categories offer more resources because they are broad in nature. For example, "Civil War" contains three entries specific to the war, along with two videos and an interactive display—whereas "Music" and "Military," more general themes, contain over 100 entries each. Search within the individual tabs to locate additional information.

Created as a collaboration between the Tennessee Historical Society and the University of Tennessee Press, the site achieves its goal: providing a resource for the field of education and the general public.

Fort Loudoun State Historical Area (TN)

Description

During the French and Indian War (1754–1763), the British colony of South Carolina felt threatened by French activities in the Mississippi Valley. To counter this threat, the colony sent the Independent Company of South Carolina to construct and garrison what became Fort Loudoun. This move helped to ally the Overhill Cherokee Nation in the fight against the French and guaranteed the trade would continue between the Cherokee and South Carolina. In the course of the fort's four-year existence, relations between South Carolina and the Cherokee Nation broke down. In August, 1760, the Cherokee captured Fort Loudoun and its garrison.

Today, the fort offers tours and occasional living history events.

Fort Negley [TN]

Description

Fort Negley was the largest fortification built by the occupying Union Army in Nashville and the largest inland stone fort built during the Civil War. Measuring 600 feet by 300 feet, Negley covered four acres and was constructed from October to December 1862. The stronghold was constructed by conscript laborers, both slaves and free blacks, of stone, logs, earth, and railroad iron. More than 2,700 African American men worked to build Fort Negley; only 300 were paid for their labor. The Visitor Center features exhibits, monthly activities, annual events, and self-guided tours of Fort Negley Park.

The fort offers tours, exhibits, educational programs, and occasional recreational and educational events (including living history events).

Broadcasting Longevity

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Grand Old Opry in the 1930s over WSM radio
Question

What was America's longest-running radio show?

Answer

In 1925, Nashville radio station WSM went on the air. Like many early radio stations, it was the voice of a particular commercial enterprise—in this case, the Nashville-based National Life and Accident Insurance Company, which was looking to move beyond sickness and accident insurance into life insurance. WSM program director George D. Hay, who had previously been an announcer on the Barn Dance on a Chicago radio station, organized a Saturday-night show which was also called the "barn dance." Live performances ranged from minstrel acts to military bands, but old-time or traditional string bands performing country music dominated.

The show that preceded the barn dance was a classical music program called the Music Appreciation Hour. One night in 1927 Hay introduced the barn dance by saying, "For the past hour you have been listening to music taken largely from the Grand Opera, but from now on we will present the Grand Ole Opry." The name stuck, and it continued to be broadcast under that name for the next six decades.

Although some "proper" Nashville residents thought the show was not in tune with the city's genteel reputation, it soon became wildly popular. A new radio tower built in 1932 allowed WSM to reach most of the nation with the show, although southerners remained the core of the audience. Whereas commercial media like radio have sometimes been seen as a threat to "traditional" cultures, WSM and the Grand Ole Opry spread and preserved (while it also transformed) southern white rural music.

Bibliography

Charles Reagan Wilson and William Ferris, eds., Encyclopedia of Southern Culture Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1989.