(Note: By the completion of twelfth grade, Iowa students are expected to master the following standards.)

Subject: Behavioral Sciences

Behavioral sciences include, but are not limited to, the areas of sociology, anthropology and psychology. In addressing these disciplines the actions and reactions of humans are studied through observational and experimental methods.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand the historical development of the behavioral sciences and the changing nature of society.

• Understand the fields of psychology and sociology developed in response to social and economic changes.
• Understand the role of major social institutions of American society.
• Understand the role of social institutions as well as individual and group behaviors, in bringing about social change.
• Understand that mass media, migrations, and conquest have affected social change by exposing one culture to another.
• Understand change and development in institutions further both continuity and change in societies.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand the influences on individual and group behavior and group decision making.

• Understand the appropriate research procedures and skills of the behavioral scientist.
• Understand the types of research methods used by behavioral scientists to study human behavior, social groups, social issues and problems.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand current social issues to determine how the individual is able to formulate opinions and responds to those issues.

• Understand past and current cultural, religious, and social reform movements.
• Understand that differences in the behavior of individuals arise from the interaction of heredity and experience.
• Understand that conflict between people or groups may arise from competition over ideas, resources, power, and/or status.
• Understand that personal values influence the types of conclusions people make.
• Understand that even when the majority of people in a society agree on a social decision, the minority who disagree must be protected from oppression.
• Understand ideas and modes of inquiry drawn from behavioral science and social theory in the examination of persistent issues and social problems.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand how social status, social groups, social change, and social institutions influence individual and group behaviors.

• Understand the concept of stratification.
• Understand gender, age, health, and socioeconomic status affect social inequality.
• Understand changes in social and political institutions reflect and affect individuals' values and behaviors.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand the process of how humans develop, learn, adapt to their environment, and internalize their culture.

• Understand that heredity, culture, and personal experience interact in shaping human behavior.
• Understand the stages of physical, perceptual, and intellectual development that humans experience from infancy to old age.
• Understand the concept of culture.
• Understand that peoples' values and behavior are shaped by their culture.
• Understand the processes of cultural transmission and cultural change.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand how personality and agents of socialization impact the individual.

• Understand the factors that shape personality and identity
• Understand the process of socialization leads individuals to become functioning members of society.
• Understand groups and institutions sometimes promote social conformity.

Subject: Economics

Economics addresses the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. The concept of scarcity is understood to mean that available resources are insufficient to satisfy the wants and needs of everyone. Economics is therefore founded upon the alternative use of available resources and the study of choices.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand the function of common financial instruments.

• Understand the cost of borrowing money over long periods of time.
• Understand the concept of insurance.
• Understand credit cards.
• Understand the role of personal taxes in society.
• Understand different financial investments, such as mutual funds, stocks and bonds.
• Understand saving for retirement.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand the role of scarcity and economic trade-offs and how economic conditions impact people’s lives

• Understand the concepts of marginal benefit and marginal cost in connection to economic actions.
• Understand increases and decreases in productivity are influenced by positive and negative incentives.
• Understand production possibilities curves.
• Understand the impact of increases in wages or a change in government policy (new taxes, interest rate, subsidies) on consumers, producers, workers, savers and investors.
• Understand the role of business plans.
• Understand long-term unintended consequences of economic choices made by individuals, businesses, and governments.
• Understand the unemployment rate.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand the functions of economic institutions.

• Understand the basic functions of money.
• Understand the composition of the money supply.
• Understand that economic institutions have different goals, rules, and constraints.
• Understand banks and other financial institutions affect the economy.
• Understand government policies affect economic institutions.
• Understand the role of non-profit organizations.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand how governments throughout the world influence economic behavior.

• Understand the role of fiscal and monetary policies in governments.
• Understand government regulation of industries.
• Understand the economic trade-offs of government assistance programs.
• Understand the impact of the federal budget on the economy at the individual, household, and business levels.
• Understand changes in spending and taxation affect national deficits, surpluses, and debt.
• Understand the role of the Federal Reserve.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand how universal economic concepts present themselves in various types of economies throughout the world.

• Understand the law of supply and demand affects the price of products.
• Understand major world economic systems.
• Understand factors that influence Gross Domestic Product for specific countries.
• Understand different policies and actions that combat inflation, deflation, and recession.
• Understand economic self-interest influences economic decisions.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand the local, state, regional, national, and international factors that create patterns of interdependence in the global economy.

• Understand the difference between domestic and global economic systems and how the two interact.
• Understand absolute and comparative advantage.
• Understand the costs and benefits of free trade among countries.
• Understand trade barriers imposed by the United States from a historical perspective and the impact of those actions.
• Understand the role of exchange rates between countries and their effect on purchasing power.
• Understand government subsidies to industries and the effect on global trade.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand the impact of advancing technologies on the global economy.

• Understand the role of technologies that interlock the global economy.
• Understand the role of investment and government support in advancing technologies.
• Understand the impact of green technologies in the global economy.

Subject: Geography

Geography is the study of the interaction between people and their environments. Geography therefore looks at the world through the concepts of location, place, human-environmental interaction, movement, and region.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand the use of geographic tools to locate and analyze information about people, places, and environments.

• Understand the characteristics and uses of geographic technologies.
• Understand geographic representations and tools used to analyze, explain and solve geographic problems.
• Understand the use of mental maps of physical and human features of the world to answer complex geographic questions.
• Understand perspective and point of view in interpreting data on maps.
• Understand the value of using maps from different sources and points of view.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand how physical and human characteristics create and define regions.

• Understand culture as an integrated whole that explains the function and interactions of language, literature, the arts, traditions, beliefs and values and behavior patterns.
• Understand regional boundaries change.
• Understand places and regions are important to individual human identity and as symbols for unifying or fragmenting society.
• Understand external forces can conflict economically and politically with internal interests in a region.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand how human factors and the distribution of resources affect the development of society and the movement of populations.

• Understand population issues.
• Understand international migrations are shaped by push and pull factors.
• Understand the impact of human migration on physical and human systems.
• Understand the impact of policy decisions regarding the use of resources in different regions of the world.
• Understand issues related to the reuse and recycling of resources.
• Understand the physical and human factors that have led to famines and large-scale refugee movements.
• Understand competition for and conflict over natural resources

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand how physical and human processes shape the Earth’s surface and major ecosystems.

• Understand relationships between soil, climate, plant and animal life affect the distributions of ecosystems.
• Understand the importance of ecosystems in understanding the environment.
• Understand physical processes affect different regions of the United States and the world.
• Understand social, cultural and economic processes shape the features of places.
• Understand the effects of human and physical changes in ecosystems both locally and globally.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand how human actions modify the environment and how the environment affects humans

• Understand competition for control of the Earth's surface can have a positive or negative effect on the planet and its inhabitants.
• Understand the global impact of human changes in the physical environment.
• Understand programs and positions related to the use of resources on a local to global scale.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand how culture affects the interaction of human populations through time and space.

• Understand technology and human mobility have changed various cultural landscapes.
• Understand the processes of spatial change have affected history.
• Understand the role culture plays in incidences of cooperation and conflict in the present day world.
• Understand the causes of boundary conflicts and internal disputes between culture groups.
• Understand diverse cultural responses to persistent human issues.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand how cultural factors influence the design of human communities.

• Understand the impact of changing global patterns of trade and commerce on the local community and predict the future impact of these patterns.
• Understand cultures influence the characteristics of regions.
• Understand people create places that reflect culture, human needs, government policy, and current values and ideals as they design and build places.

Subject: History

History is the study and analysis of the past. Built upon a foundation of historical knowledge, history seeks to analyze the past in order to describe the relationship between historical facts, concepts, and generalizations. History draws upon cause and effect relationships within multiple social narratives to help explain complex human interactions. Understanding the past provides context for the present and implications for the future.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand historical patterns, periods of time, and the relationships among these elements.

• Understand concepts such as chronology, causality, change, conflict, and complexity to explain, analyze, and show connections among patterns of historical change and continuity.
• Understand significant historical periods and patterns of change within and across cultures, such as the development of ancient cultures and civilizations, the rise of nation states, and social, economic, and political revolutions.
• Understand patterns of social and cultural continuity in various societies.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand how and why people create, maintain, or change systems of power, authority, and governance.

• Understand the purpose of government and how its powers have been acquired, used, and justified.
• Understand different political systems from historical periods.
• Understand from a historical perspective the purpose and effects of treaties, alliances, and international organizations that characterize today's interconnected world.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand the role of culture and cultural diffusion on the development and maintenance of societies.

• Understand the ways groups, societies, and cultures have addressed human needs and concerns in the past.
• Understand societal patterns for preserving and transmitting culture while adapting to environmental or social change.
• Understand the value of cultural diversity, as well as cohesion, within and across groups.
• Understand the origins, central ideas, and global influence of world religions
• Understand cultural factors that have promoted political conflict.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand the role of individuals and groups within a society as promoters of change or the status quo.

• Understand the significance of important people, their work, and their ideas in the areas of political and intellectual leadership, inventions, discoveries, and the arts.
• Understand the role the values of specific people in history played in influencing history.
• Understand the significant religious, philosophical, and social movements and their impacts on society and social reform.
• Understand the effect of "chance events" on history.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand the role of individuals and groups within a society as promoters of change or the status quo.

• Understand how economic issues have influenced society in the past.
• Understand connections between the cultural achievements of early civilizations and the development of political and economic institutions.
• Understand that choices made by individuals, firms, or government officials often have unintended consequences that can offset the initial effects of the decision.
• Understand that the introduction of new products and production methods by entrepreneurs has impacted economic growth, competition, technological progress, and job opportunities.
• Understand the historical relationship between economic growth, higher production levels, new technologies, and standard of living.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand the effects of geographic factors on historical events.

• Understand ways that historical events have been influenced by, and have influenced, physical and human geographic factors in local, regional, national, and global settings.
• Understand reasons for changes in the world's political boundaries.
• Understand the historic reasons for conflicts within specific world regions.
• Understand past government policies designed to change a country's population characteristics.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand the role of innovation on the development and interaction of societies.

• Understand significant changes caused by technology, industrialization, urbanization, and population growth and the effects of these changes.
• Understand the historical impact of the interaction and interdependence of science, technology, and society in a variety of cultural settings.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand cause and effect relationships and other historical thinking skills in order to interpret events and issues.

• Understand processes such as using a variety of sources, providing, validating, and weighing evidence for claims, checking credibility of sources, and searching for causality.
• Understand relationships between and among significant events.
• Understand facts and concepts drawn from history, along with methods of historical inquiry, to inform decision-making about and action-taking on public issues.
• Understand the process of critical historical inquiry to reconstruct and reinterpret the past.
• Understand multiple viewpoints within and across cultures related to important events, recurring dilemmas, and issues.
• Understand how and why events may be interpreted differently depending upon the perspectives of participants, witnesses, reporters, and historians.

Subject: Political Science/Civic Literacy

Political science is the study of power and authority through the examination of political processes, governmental institutions, and human behavior in a civil society. In this context the study of civics is understood to include the form and function of government. Civic literacy encompasses civics but also addresses the individual’s social and political participation.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand the rights and responsibilities of each citizen and demonstrate the value of lifelong civic action.

• Understand rights, roles, and status of the individual in relation to the general welfare.
• Understand that constitutional democracy requires the participation of an attentive, knowledgeable, and competent citizenry.
• Understand personal, political, and economic rights are secured by constitutional government, the rule of law, checks and balances, an independent judiciary, and a vigilant citizenry.
• Understand ways citizens participate in the political process at local, state, and national levels.
• Understand the importance of becoming knowledgeable about public affairs.
• Understand the importance of voluntarism as a characteristic of American society.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand how the government established by the Constitution embodies the enduring values and principles of democracy and republicanism.

• Understand the central ideas of American constitutional government and how this form of government has shaped the character of American society.
• Understand the role of government in major areas of domestic and foreign policy.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand the purpose and function of each of the three branches of government established by the Constitution.

• Understand the purpose of government and how its powers are acquired, used and justified.
• Understand the necessity of politics and government.
• Understand the purposes, organization, and functions of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches and the independent regulatory agencies.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand the differences among the complex levels of local, state and national government and their inherent, expressed, and implied powers.

• Understand the design and features of the Constitution prevent the abuse of power by aggregating power at the national, state, and local levels and using a system of checks and balances.
• Understand provisions of the Constitution and principles of the constitutional system help to insure a government that will not exceed its limits.
• Understand the limits the United States Constitution places on the powers of the states and on the powers of the national government over state governments.
• Understand the policies of state and local governments provide citizens with ways to monitor and influence the actions of members of government and hold them responsible for their actions.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand strategies for effective political action that impact local, state, and national governance.

• Understand participation in civic and political life can help citizens attain individual and public goals.
• Understand the role of diversity in American life and the importance of shared values, political beliefs, and civic beliefs in an increasingly diverse American society.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand how law and public policy are established at the local, state, and national levels of government.

• Understand the purposes and functions of law.
• Understand the processes by which public policy concerning a local, state, or national issue is formed and carried out.
• Understand issues concerning the relationship between state and local governments and the national government.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand how various political systems throughout the world define the rights and responsibilities of the individual.

• Understand ideologies, structures, institutions, processes and political cultures of different political systems in the world.
• Understand the essential characteristics of limited and unlimited governments.

Essential Concept and/or Skill:

Understand the role of the United States in current world affairs.

• Understand conditions, actions and motivations that contribute to conflict and cooperation within and among nations.
• Understand the significance of foreign policies and events in the United States' relations with the world.
• Understand the idea of national interest and how it is used as a criterion for shaping American foreign policy.
• Understand the effects that significant world political developments have on the United States.
• Understands the influence that American ideas about rights have had abroad and how other peoples’ ideas about rights have influenced Americans.

• WY.1. Content Standard: Citizenship/Government/Democracy

  Students demonstrate how structures of power, authority, and governance have developed historically and continue to evolve.

  • 1.1. Benchmark:

    Students describe unique freedoms, rights, and responsibilities of living in a democratic society and explain their interrelationships.

  • 1.2. Benchmark:

    Students explain and/or demonstrate how to participate in the political processes and express personal beliefs and convictions.

  • 1.3. Benchmark:

    Students explain the historical development of the U.S. Constitution and how it has shaped the U.S. and Wyoming governmental systems.

  • 1.4. Benchmark:

    Students demonstrate an understanding of the major distinguishing characteristics of the United States and Wyoming Constitutions.

  • 1.5. Benchmark:

    Students demonstrate an understanding of the U.S. civil and criminal legal systems and distinguish differences between those systems.

• WY.2. Content Standard: Culture/Cultural Diversity

  Students demonstrate an understanding of different cultures and how these cultures have contributed and continue to contribute to the world in which they live.

  • 2.1. Benchmark:

    Students explain how various cultural influences impact society.

  • 2.2. Benchmark:

    Students communicate how shared cultural experiences influence peoples' perceptions of prominent historical figures, groups, institutions, and world events.

• WY.3. Content Standard: Production, Distribution, and Consumption

  Students demonstrate an understanding of economic principles and concepts and describe the influence of economic factors on individuals and societies.

  • 3.1. Benchmark:

    Students explain how different economic systems are organized for production, distribution and consumption of goods and services.

  • 3.2. Benchmark:

    Students formulate solutions to economic problems.

  • 3.3. Benchmark:

    Students describe the impacts of global economic interdependence.

  • 3.4. Benchmark:

    Students demonstrate an understanding of economic principles that influence individual financial planning.

• WY.4. Content Standard: Time, Continuity and Change

  Students demonstrate an understanding of the people, events, problems, ideas, and cultures that were significant in the history of our community, state, nation and world.

  • 4.1. Benchmark:

    Students analyze the interactions among individuals and groups and their impact on significant historical events.

  • 4.2. Benchmark:

    Students analyze current events to better understand the world in which they live.

  • 4.3. Benchmark:

    Students evaluate the impact of technology and how it has shaped history and influenced the modern world.

  • 4.4. Benchmark:

    Students explain how past events impact the present and the future.

• WY.5. Content Standard: People, Places, and Environments

  Students demonstrate an understanding of interrelationships among people, places, and environments.

  • 5.1. Benchmark:

    Students interpret charts, maps, and graphs to answer questions dealing with people, places, events, or environments.

  • 5.2. Benchmark:

    Students analyze how physical characteristics of the earth and human interactions with the environment have affected the development of societies, cultures, and individuals.

  • 5.3. Benchmark:

    Students demonstrate an ability to organize and process information about people, places, and environments.

• WI.A. Content Standard: Geography

  People, Places and Environments: Students in Wisconsin will learn about geography through the study of the relationships among people, places, and environments.

  • A.12.1. Performance Standard:

    Use various types of atlases and appropriate vocabulary to describe the physical attributes of a place or region, employing such concepts as climate, plate tectonics, volcanism, and landforms, and to describe the human attributes, employing such concepts as demographics, birth and death rates, doubling time, emigration, and immigration.

  • A.12.2. Performance Standard:

    Analyze information generated from a computer about a place, including statistical sources, aerial and satellite images, and three-dimensional models.

  • A.12.3. Performance Standard:

    Construct mental maps of the world and the world's regions and draw maps from memory showing major physical and human features.

  • A.12.4. Performance Standard:

    Analyze the short-term and long-term effects that major changes in population in various parts of the world have had or might have on the environment.

  • A.12.5. Performance Standard:

    Use a variety of geographic information and resources to analyze and illustrate the ways in which the unequal global distribution of natural resources influences trade and shapes economic patterns.

  • A.12.6. Performance Standard:

    Collect and analyze geographic information to examine the effects that a geographic or environmental change in one part of the world, such as volcanic activity, river diversion, ozone depletion, air pollution, deforestation, or desertification, may have on other parts of the world.

  • A.12.7. Performance Standard:

    Collect relevant data to analyze the distribution of products among global markets and the movement of people among regions of the world.

  • A.12.8. Performance Standard:

    Identify the world's major ecosystems and analyze how different economic, social, political, religious, and cultural systems have adapted to them.

  • A.12.9. Performance Standard:

    Identify and analyze cultural factors, such as human needs, values, ideals, and public policies, that influence the design of places, such as an urban center, an industrial park, a public project, or a planned neighborhood.

  • A.12.10. Performance Standard:

    Analyze the effect of cultural ethics and values in various parts of the world on scientific and technological development.

  • A.12.11. Performance Standard:

    Describe scientific and technological development in various regions of the world and analyze the ways in which development affects environment and culture.

  • A.12.12. Performance Standard:

    Assess the advantages and disadvantages of selected land use policies in the local community, Wisconsin, the United States, and the world.

  • A.12.13. Performance Standard:

    Give examples and analyze conflict and cooperation in the establishment of cultural regions and political boundaries.

• WI.B. Content Standard: History

  Time, Continuity, and Change: Students in Wisconsin will learn about the history of Wisconsin, the United States, and the world, examining change and continuity over time in order to develop historical perspective, explain historical relationships, and analyze issues that affect the present and the future.

  • B.12.1. Performance Standard:

    Explain different points of view on the same historical event, using data gathered from various sources, such as letters, journals, diaries, newspapers, government documents, and speeches.

  • B.12.2. Performance Standard:

    Analyze primary and secondary sources related to a historical question to evaluate their relevance, make comparisons, integrate new information with prior knowledge, and come to a reasoned conclusion.

  • B.12.3. Performance Standard:

    Recall, select, and analyze significant historical periods and the relationships among them.

  • B.12.4. Performance Standard:

    Assess the validity of different interpretations of significant historical events.

  • B.12.5. Performance Standard:

    Gather various types of historical evidence, including visual and quantitative data, to analyze issues of freedom and equality, liberty and order, region and nation, individual and community, law and conscience, diversity and civic duty; form a reasoned conclusion in the light of other possible conclusions; and develop a coherent argument in the light of other possible arguments.

  • B.12.6. Performance Standard:

    Select and analyze various documents that have influenced the legal, political, and constitutional heritage of the United States.

  • B.12.7. Performance Standard:

    Identify major works of art and literature produced in the United States and elsewhere in the world and explain how they reflect the era in which they were created.

  • B.12.8. Performance Standard:

    Recall, select, and explain the significance of important people, their work, and their ideas in the areas of political and intellectual leadership, inventions, discoveries, and the arts, within each major era of Wisconsin, United States, and world history.

  • B.12.9. Performance Standard:

    Select significant changes caused by technology, industrialization, urbanization, and population growth, and analyze the effects of these changes in the United States and the world.

  • B.12.10. Performance Standard:

    Select instances of scientific, intellectual, and religious change in various regions of the world at different times in history and discuss the impact those changes had on beliefs and values.

  • B.12.11. Performance Standard:

    Compare examples and analyze why governments of various countries have sometimes sought peaceful resolution to conflicts and sometimes gone to war.

  • B.12.12. Performance Standard:

    Analyze the history, culture, tribal sovereignty, and current status of the American Indian tribes and bands in Wisconsin.

  • B.12.13. Performance Standard:

    Analyze examples of ongoing change within and across cultures, such as the development of ancient civilizations; the rise of nation-states; and social, economic, and political revolutions.

  • B.12.14. Performance Standard:

    Explain the origins, central ideas, and global influence of religions, such as Buddhism, Islam, Hinduism, Judaism, and Christianity.

  • B.12.15. Performance Standard:

    Identify a historical or contemporary event in which a person was forced to take an ethical position, such as a decision to go to war, the impeachment of a president, or a presidential pardon, and explain the issues involved.

  • B.12.16. Performance Standard:

    Describe the purpose and effects of treaties, alliances, and international organizations that characterize today's interconnected world.

  • B.12.17. Performance Standard:

    Identify historical and current instances when national interests and global interests have seemed to be opposed and analyze the issues involved.

  • B.12.18. Performance Standard:

    Explain the history of slavery, racial and ethnic discrimination, and efforts to eliminate discrimination in the United States and elsewhere in the world.

• WI.C. Content Standard: Political Science and Citizenship

  Power, Authority, Governance, and Responsibility: Students in Wisconsin will learn about political science and acquire the knowledge of political systems necessary for developing individual civic responsibility by studying the history and contemporary uses of power, authority, and governance.

  • C.12.1. Performance Standard:

    Identify the sources, evaluate the justification, and analyze the implications of certain rights and responsibilities of citizens.

  • C.12.2. Performance Standard:

    Describe how different political systems define and protect individual human rights.

  • C.12.3. Performance Standard:

    Trace how legal interpretations of liberty, equality, justice, and power, as identified in the Constitution, the Bill of Rights, and other Constitutional Amendments, have changed and evolved over time.

  • C.12.4. Performance Standard:

    Explain the multiple purposes of democratic government, analyze historical and contemporary examples of the tensions between those purposes, and illustrate how governmental powers can be acquired, used, abused, or legitimized.

  • C.12.5. Performance Standard:

    Analyze different theories of how governmental powers might be used to help promote or hinder liberty, equality, and justice, and develop a reasoned conclusion.

  • C.12.6. Performance Standard:

    Identify and analyze significant political benefits, problems, and solutions to problems related to federalism and the separation of powers.

  • C.12.7. Performance Standard:

    Describe how past and present American political parties and interest groups have gained or lost influence on political decision-making and voting behavior.

  • C.12.8. Performance Standard:

    Locate, organize, analyze, and use information from various sources to understand an issue of public concern, take a position, and communicate the position.

  • C.12.9. Performance Standard:

    Identify and evaluate the means through which advocates influence public policy, and identify ways people may participate effectively in community affairs and the political process.

  • C.12.10. Performance Standard:

    Evaluate the ways in which public opinion can be used to influence and shape public policy.

  • C.12.11. Performance Standard:

    Explain the United States' relationship to other nations and its role in international organizations, such as the United Nations, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, and North American Free Trade Agreement.

  • C.12.12. Performance Standard:

    Describe and evaluate ideas of how society should be organized and political power should be exercised, including the ideas of monarchism, anarchism, socialism, fascism, and communism; compare these ideas to those of representative democracy; and assess how such ideas have worked in practice.

  • C.12.13. Performance Standard:

    Explain and analyze how different political and social movements have sought to mobilize public opinion and obtain governmental support in order to achieve their goals.

  • C.12.14. Performance Standard:

    Describe and analyze the origins and consequences of slavery, genocide, and other forms of persecution, including the Holocaust.

  • C.12.15. Performance Standard:

    Describe the evolution of movements to assert rights by people with disabilities, ethnic and racial groups, minorities, and women.

• WI.D. Content Standard: Economics

  Production, Distribution, Exchange, Consumption: Students in Wisconsin will learn about production, distribution, exchange, and consumption so that they can make informed economic decisions.

  • D.12.1. Performance Standard:

    Explain how decisions about spending and production made by households, businesses, and governments determine the nation's levels of income, employment, and prices.

  • D.12.2. Performance Standard:

    Use basic economic concepts (such as supply and demand; production, distribution, and consumption; labor, wages, and capital; inflation and deflation; market economy and command economy) to compare and contrast local, regional, and national economies across time and at the present time.

  • D.12.3. Performance Standard:

    Analyze and evaluate the role of Wisconsin and the United States in the world economy.

  • D.12.4. Performance Standard:

    Explain and evaluate the effects of new technology, global economic interdependence, and competition on the development of national policies and on the lives of individuals and families in the United States and the world.

  • D.12.5. Performance Standard:

    Explain how federal budgetary policy and the Federal Reserve System's monetary policies influence overall levels of employment, interest rates, production, and prices.

  • D.12.6. Performance Standard:

    Use economic concepts to analyze historical and contemporary questions about economic development in the United States and the world.

  • D.12.7. Performance Standard:

    Compare, contrast, and evaluate different types of economies (traditional, command, market, and mixed) and analyze how they have been affected in the past by specific social and political systems and important historical events.

  • D.12.8. Performance Standard:

    Explain the basic characteristics of international trade, including absolute and comparative advantage, barriers to trade, exchange rates, and balance of trade.

  • D.12.9. Performance Standard:

    Explain the operations of common financial instruments (such as stocks and bonds) and financial institutions (such as credit companies, banks, and insurance companies).

  • D.12.10. Performance Standard:

    Analyze the ways in which supply and demand, competition, prices, incentives, and profits influence what is produced and distributed in a competitive market system.

  • D.12.11. Performance Standard:

    Explain how interest rates are determined by market forces that influence the amount of borrowing and saving done by investors, consumers, and government officials.

  • D.12.12. Performance Standard:

    Compare and contrast how values and beliefs, such as economic freedom, economic efficiency, equity, full employment, price stability, security, and growth, influence decisions in different economic systems.

  • D.12.13. Performance Standard:

    Describe and explain global economic interdependence and competition, using examples to illustrate their influence on national and international policies.

  • D.12.14. Performance Standard:

    Analyze the economic roles of institutions, such as corporations and businesses, banks, labor unions, and the Federal Reserve System.

• WI.E. Content Standard: The Behavioral Sciences

  Individuals, Institutions, and Society: Students in Wisconsin will learn about the behavioral sciences by exploring concepts from the discipline of sociology, the study of the interactions among individuals, groups, and institutions; the discipline of psychology, the study of factors that influence individual identity and learning; and the discipline of anthropology, the study of cultures in various times and settings.

  • E.12.1. Performance Standard:

    Summarize research that helps explain how the brain's structure and function influence learning and behavior.

  • E.12.2. Performance Standard:

    Explain how such factors as physical endowment and capabilities, family, gender, ethnicity, religion, socioeconomic status, attitudes, beliefs, work, and motivation contribute to individual identity and development.

  • E.12.3. Performance Standard:

    Compare and describe similarities and differences in the ways various cultures define individual rights and responsibilities, including the use of rules, folkways, mores, and taboos.

  • E.12.4. Performance Standard:

    Analyze the role of economic, political, educational, familial, and religious institutions as agents of both continuity and change, citing current and past examples.

  • E.12.5. Performance Standard:

    Describe the ways cultural and social groups are defined and how they have changed over time.

  • E.12.6. Performance Standard:

    Analyze the means by which and extent to which groups and institutions can influence people, events, and cultures in both historical and contemporary settings.

  • E.12.7. Performance Standard:

    Use scientific methods to assess the influence of media on people's behavior and decisions.

  • E.12.8. Performance Standard:

    Analyze issues of cultural assimilation and cultural preservation among ethnic and racial groups in Wisconsin, the United States, and the world.

  • E.12.9. Performance Standard:

    Defend a point of view related to an ethical issue such as genetic engineering, declaring conscientious objector status, or restricting immigration.

  • E.12.10. Performance Standard:

    Describe a particular culture as an integrated whole and use that understanding to explain its language, literature, arts, traditions, beliefs, values, and behaviors.

  • E.12.11. Performance Standard:

    Illustrate and evaluate ways in which cultures resolve conflicting beliefs and practices.

  • E.12.12. Performance Standard:

    Explain current and past efforts of groups and institutions to eliminate prejudice and discrimination against racial, ethnic, religious, and social groups such as women, children, the elderly, and individuals who are disabled.

  • E.12.13. Performance Standard:

    Compare the ways in which a universal theme is expressed artistically in three different world cultures.

  • E.12.14. Performance Standard:

    Use the research procedures and skills of the behavioral sciences (such as gathering, organizing, and interpreting data from several sources) to develop an informed position on an issue.

  • E.12.15. Performance Standard:

    Identify the skills needed to work effectively alone, in groups, and in institutions.

  • E.12.16. Performance Standard:

    Identify and analyze factors that influence a person's mental health.

  • E.12.17. Performance Standard:

    Examine and describe various belief systems that exist in the world, such as democracy, socialism, and capitalism.

• WA.1. Ealr / Domain: CIVICS

  The student understands and applies knowledge of government, law, politics, and the nation's fundamental documents to make decisions about local, national, and international issues and to demonstrate thoughtful, participatory citizenship.

  • 1.2. Component / Goal:

    Understands the purposes, organization, and function of governments, laws, and political systems.

    • 1.2.3. Benchmark / Gle: FORMS OF GOVERNMENT

      Evaluates the impact of various forms of government on people in the past or present.

  • 1.3. Component / Goal:

    Understands the purposes and organization of international relationships and United States foreign policy.

    • 1.3.1. Benchmark / Gle: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS

      Analyzes the relationships and tensions between national interests and international issues in the world in the past or present.

• WA.2. Ealr / Domain: ECONOMICS

  The student applies understanding of economic concepts and systems to analyze decision-making and the interactions between individuals, households, businesses, governments, and societies.

  • 2.1. Component / Goal:

    Understands that people have to make choices between wants and needs and evaluate the outcomes of those choices.

    • 2.1.1. Benchmark / Gle: ECONOMIC CHOICES

      Analyzes how the costs and benefits of economic choices have shaped events in the world in the past or present.

  • 2.2. Component / Goal:

    Understands how economic systems function.

    • 2.2.1. Benchmark / Gle: ECONOMIC SYSTEMS

      Understands and analyzes how planned and market economies have shaped the production, distribution, and consumption of goods, services, and resources around the world in the past or present.

    • 2.2.2. Benchmark / Gle: TRADE

      Analyzes how and why countries have specialized in the production of particular goods and services in the past or present.

  • 2.3. Component / Goal:

    Understands the government's role in the economy.

    • 2.3.1. Benchmark / Gle: GOVERNMENT AND THE ECONOMY

      Analyzes the costs and benefits of government trade policies from around the world in the past or present.

  • 2.4. Component / Goal:

    Understands the economic issues and problems that all societies face.

    • 2.4.1. Benchmark / Gle: ECONOMIC ISSUES

      Analyzes and evaluates how people across the world have addressed issues involved with the distribution of resources and sustainability in the past or present.

• WA.3. Ealr / Domain: GEOGRAPHY

  The student uses a spatial perspective to make reasoned decisions by applying the concepts of location, region, and movement and demonstrating knowledge of how geographic features and human cultures impact environments.

  • 3.1. Component / Goal:

    Understands the physical characteristics, cultural characteristics, and location of places, regions, and spatial patterns on the Earth's surface.

    • 3.1.2. Benchmark / Gle: CHARACTERISTICS AND SPATIAL ORGANIZATION OF PLACES AND REGIONS

      Identifies major world regions and understands their cultural roots.

  • 3.2. Component / Goal:

    Understands human interaction with the environment.

    • 3.2.1. Benchmark / Gle: HUMAN-ENVIRONMENTAL INTERACTION

      Analyzes and evaluates human interaction with the environment across the world in the past or present.

    • 3.2.2. Benchmark / Gle: CULTURE

      Understands and analyzes examples of ethnocentrism.

    • 3.2.3. Benchmark / Gle: HUMAN MIGRATION

      Understands the causes and effects of voluntary and involuntary migration in the world in the past or present.

  • 3.3. Component / Goal:

    Understands the geographic context of global issues and events.

    • 3.3.1. Benchmark / Gle: GEOGRAPHIC CONTEXT OF GLOBAL ISSUES

      Understands how the geography of expansion and encounter has shaped global politics and economics in the past or present.

• WA.4. Ealr / Domain: HISTORY

  The student understands and applies knowledge of historical thinking, chronology, eras, turning points, major ideas, individuals, and themes in local, Washington State, tribal, United States, and world history in order to evaluate how history shapes the present and future.

  • 4.1. Component / Goal:

    Understands historical chronology.

    • 4.1.1. Benchmark / Gle: CHRONOLOGY

      Analyzes change and continuity within a historical time period.

    • 4.1.2. Benchmark / Gle: CHRONOLOGICAL ERAS

      Understands how the following themes and developments help to define eras in world history:

      • 4.1.2.a. Grade Level Expectation:

        Global expansion and encounter (1450 - 1750).

      • 4.1.2.b. Grade Level Expectation:

        Age of revolutions (1750 - 1917).

      • 4.1.2.c. Grade Level Expectation:

        International conflicts (1870 - present).

      • 4.1.2.d. Grade Level Expectation:

        Emergence and development of new nations (1900 - present).

      • 4.1.2.e. Grade Level Expectation:

        Challenges to democracy and human rights (1945 - present).

  • 4.2. Component / Goal:

    Understands and analyzes causal factors that have shaped major events in history.

    • 4.2.1. Benchmark / Gle: INDIVIDUALS AND MOVEMENTS

      Analyzes how individuals and movements have shaped world history (1450 - present).

    • 4.2.2. Benchmark / Gle: CULTURES AND CULTURAL GROUPS

      Analyzes how cultures and cultural groups have shaped world history (1450-present).

    • 4.2.3. Benchmark / Gle: IDEAS AND TECHNOLOGY

      Analyzes and evaluates how technology and ideas have shaped world history (1450 - present).

  • 4.3. Component / Goal:

    Understands that there are multiple perspectives and interpretations of historical events.

    • 4.3.1. Benchmark / Gle: HISTORICAL INTERPRETATION

      Analyzes and interprets historical materials from a variety of perspectives in world history (1450 - present).

    • 4.3.2. Benchmark / Gle: MULTIPLE CAUSATION

      Analyzes the multiple causal factors of conflicts in world history (1450 - present).

  • 4.4. Component / Goal:

    Uses history to understand the present and plan for the future.

    • 4.4.1. Benchmark / Gle: HISTORICAL ANTECENDENTS

      Analyzes how an understanding of world history can help us prevent problems today.

• WA.5. Ealr / Domain: SOCIAL STUDIES SKILLS

  The student understands and applies reasoning skills to conduct research, deliberate, form, and evaluate positions through the processes of reading, writing, and communicating.

  • 5.1. Component / Goal:

    Uses critical reasoning skills to analyze and evaluate positions.

    • 5.1.1. Benchmark / Gle: UNDERSTANDS REASONING

      Analyzes consequences of positions on an issue or event.

    • 5.1.2. Benchmark / Gle: EVALUATES REASONING

      Evaluates the precision of a position on an issue or event.

  • 5.2. Component / Goal:

    Uses inquiry-based research.

    • 5.2.1. Benchmark / Gle: FORMS QUESTIONS

      Creates and uses research questions that are tied to an essential question to focus inquiry on an idea, issue, or event.

    • 5.2.2. Benchmark / Gle: ANALYZES SOURCES

      Evaluates the validity, reliability, and credibility of sources when researching an issue or event.

  • 5.3. Component / Goal:

    Deliberates public issues.

    • 5.3.1. Benchmark / Gle: DELIBERATION

      Evaluates one's own viewpoint and the viewpoints of others in the context of a discussion.

  • 5.4. Component / Goal:

    Creates a product that uses social studies content to support a thesis and presents the product in an appropriate manner to a meaningful audience.

    • 5.4.1. Benchmark / Gle: CREATES POSITION AND PRODUCT

      Evaluates multiple reasons or factors to develop a position paper or presentation.

    • 5.4.2. Benchmark / Gle: CITING SOURCES

      Creates strategies to avoid plagiarism and respects intellectual property when developing a paper or presentation.