SOURCES
- "Gold Mining Operations in California." Merchants' Magazine and Commercial Review, vol. 27 (October 1852): 446-447.
- Hasins, C. W. The Argonauts of California; being the reminiscences of scenes and incidents that occurred in California in early mining days. New York: Fords, Howard and Hulbert, 1890.
- Rockwell, John A. A Compilation of Spanish and Mexican Law in Relation to Mines, and Titles to Real Estate, in Force in California, Texas and New Mexico; and in the territories acquired under the Louisiana and Florida Treaties, when annexed to the United States. New York: John Voorhies, 1851. Pp. 211ff.
- Shirley. "California, in 1852: Letter Fifteenth; residence in the mines." The Pioneer; or California Monthly Magazine 3.5 (May 1855): 305-310.
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The California Gold Rush
Instructions
Of the thousands of people who flocked to California during the few years of its Gold Rush, only relatively few made their fortunes there. "Seeing the elephant” was a common expression. It meant undergoing an unparalleled, risky, fantastic experience, while encountering harrowing misfortunes. “And behold I've seen the elephant, yea, verily, I saw him,” wrote unlucky miner James Hutchings in "The Miner's Ten Commandments," his 1853 satirical article, "and bear witness, that from the key of his trunk to the end of his tail, his whole body hath passed before me."
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