Across the Generations: Exploring U.S. History through Family Papers

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Photo, Edward Kellogg Dunham, Sr., with daughter Theodora, Wilhelm (?), 1897
Annotation

This collection from one of the nation's leading repositories for sources on women's history features photographs, letters, account books, diaries, legal documents, artwork, and memorabilia generated by four prominent northeastern families from the late 18th through the early 20th centuries. The four families—the Bodmans, Dunhams, Garrisons, and Hales—are white, middle-class families, and their experiences represent only a portion of American society in the 19th and early 20th centuries.

This site features 63 documents and images gathered from the families' papers ,and there are two ways to navigate them: by family or by one of four themes (Family Life, Social Awareness and Reform, Arts and Leisure, and Work). Each family or theme has its own page, with short (350–500 word) interpretive text combined with excerpts from the documents. Each excerpt is accompanied by links to the entire document—both a scanned image and a transcription.

The theme "family life" contains documents that reflect courtship patterns over the 19th century, childrearing practices, and 19th-century gender roles. "Social awareness and reform" features items related to the abolition of slavery and changing perceptions of race, and women's suffrage. Some of the materials within "arts and leisure" reflect increased opportunities for professional women artists in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The "work" theme includes materials that demonstrate the barriers women faced within the workplace. This site, when supplemented with additional resources, can help show students how to use family papers to study U.S. history.

Women's Reform Movement

Question

Were the voices of all women involved in the Women's Rights Movement represented in the 1848 Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments?

Textbook Excerpt

According to many textbooks, economic, cultural, social, and religious changes in the antebellum period led to new roles for women and new views about their "proper sphere." Women responded in a variety of ways, among them by participation in reform movements. One of these, antislavery, encouraged women to examine their own rights (or lack of rights) as well as those of slaves. A major result was a convention in Seneca Falls, NY, in 1848 that produced a bold Declaration of Sentiments attacking the oppression of women.

Source Excerpt

In addition to painting a richer, more complex picture of women's activism (and opposition to it), primary sources convey a sense of the passion Americans brought to debates over women's roles and rights. Although often carried out in the languages of religion, political theory, and human rights, these debates were also intensely personal.

Historian Excerpt

Historians suggest that to focus on Seneca Falls and the Women's Rights Movement that followed, however, obscures differences among women by class, religion, race, and other factors. To emphasize the call for voting rights in the Declaration of Sentiments, moreover, diminishes the large number of other issues reformers confronted and the experiences, needs, and concerns of women other than the mostly middle-class ones prominent in reform movements.

Abstract

Textbooks cite a number of changes affecting women in antebellum America and attempt to link them to the striking participation of women in reform movements. These accounts, however, commonly focus on the emergence of a Women's Rights movement after an 1848 Convention in Seneca Falls, NY, that produced a stirring Declaration of Sentiments. That focus may serve the pedagogical purpose of helping connect past to present, but it comes at the expense of understanding the greater diversity of women's lives, reform activities, and perspectives on the world.

A Patriot's History of the United States, Part Two: Reinterpreting Reagan and the Cold War

Description

Professor Larry Schweikart argues that most popular textbooks today show a liberal, left-wing bias. He reexamines specific periods in U.S. history from a conservative perspective, focusing particularly on the slave market within the U.S. and then on Ronald Reagan's presidency and his role in ending the Cold War.

This lecture continues from A Patriot's History of the United States, Part One: Liberty and Property in the American Past.

A Patriot's History of the United States, Part One: Liberty and Property in the American Past

Description

Professor Larry Schweikart argues that most popular textbooks today show a liberal, left-wing bias. He reexamines specific periods in U.S. history from a conservative perspective, focusing on Ronald Reagan's presidency and the colonization of the original colonies, particularly as documents from the latter discuss property rights.

This lecture continues in A Patriot's History of the United States, Part Two: Reinterpreting Reagan and the Cold War.

James Fenimore Cooper Society

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Painting, James Fenimore Cooper, 1822
Annotation

Hard-to-find works by the great American writer James Fenimore Cooper (1789–1851) and his eldest daughter Susan Fenimore Cooper (1813–1894), a writer and naturalist, are provided, in addition to reference documents, articles, and papers on Cooper, all well-indexed. In total, the site provides more than 300 texts. Nine full works by Cooper—annotated by transcriber Hugh MacDougall—are offered, including short stories, a novel, social satires, a surviving scene from Cooper's only play, and a never-completed history of New York. The site includes plot summaries for all of Cooper's 32 novels and four 19th-century spoofs and parodies of Cooper's works.

In addition, Susan Cooper's introductions to 25 of her father's novels are provided along with 12 of her writings, including a novel, stories for children, and an argument against female suffrage. A good source for lesser-known works by Cooper and his daughter, and for recent studies that discuss Cooper's historical significance.

Home Sweet Home: Life in 19th-Century Ohio

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Chromolithograph, Power of Music, James Fuller Queen, c. 1872, Home. . . site
Annotation

19th-century Cincinnati, OH, an economically prosperous city and a "Gateway to the West," was a microcosm of the changes in domestic life occurring throughout the United States. This website uses music, commonly performed and appreciated in family parlors, to help users better understand these changes, as well as common social, economic, and religious values among Cincinnati's majority population of white Protestants. The 21 songs included are divided by theme: Family Life, Singing Schools, Religion, Rural Values, Temperance, Parlor Music, and Minstrel Songs. "You'll Never Miss the Water Till the Well Runs Dry" exemplifies some of the changes in family life, describing the lessons a young man learned from his mother, and then re-learned later for himself, about forging a successful life on his own.

Sheet music and an audio recording are provided for all songs, which are also accompanied by brief annotations. Two substantive, scholarly essays on "Life in 19th Century Cincinnati and "Understanding the Music," provide historical context. A bibliography and list of related Library of Congress websites provide opportunities for further exploration.

The Legend of John Wilkes Booth: Myth, Memory, and a Mummy

Description

From the Chicago Public Radio website:

"C. Wyatt Evans reads from and discusses his illuminating and humorous book [The Legend of John Wilkes Booth: Myth, Memory, and a Mummy] about the history of John Wilkes Booth as a romantic, doomed assassin, and the way his image held the public imagination long after his death.

Enjoy this exploration of one of history's most enigmatic (and reviled) figures—John Wilkes Booth."