Harlem History

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This website offers a collection of oral history interviews, images, videos, and scholarship on various aspects of the history of Harlem. It is divided into three main sections. "Arts and Culture" has six exhibits that include two video interviews focusing on Harlem's artists, writers, and musicians; oral history interviews with A. Phillip Randolph on the Harlem Renaissance and Dorothy Height on Harlem's theatrical scene; and a multimedia presentation on the Harlem Renaissance. "The Neighborhood" provides seven exhibits that include an oral-history interview with the first African American patrolman in New York City, an essay and video on the architecture and development of Harlem, an e-seminar about classic New York ethnic neighborhoods, an essay on the decline of Jewish Harlem, Bayard Rustin's reflections on different ethnic groups with economic interests in Harlem, and civil rights leader Dorothy Height's description of changes in Harlem and her attachment to the neighborhood. "Politics" offers four exhibits: oral history interviews with A. Phillip Randolph on Marcus Garvey's movement in Harlem and Bayard Rustin on Harlem congressman Adam Clayton Powell, Jr., a video lecture on Harlem politicians, and a video interview with David Dinkens on 1950s Harlem. The site also offers a short (eight images) photo essay entitled "The Streets of Harlem" and a multimedia presentation on the 1945 Negro Freedom Rally. This site offers a useful and varied collection of material for those researching or teaching Harlem or 20th-century African American history.

Frank Lloyd Wright: Designs for an American Landscape 1922-1932

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This site offers five exhibits featuring designs by Frank Lloyd Wright's for projects that were never built—a prototypical suburb, two resorts, an automobile objective, and a desert retreat. "Although none was ever realized, they embody Wright's changing views of the fundamental relationship between building and land." Each exhibit is centered on an explanatory essay that ties together images of Wright's designs. The images include hypothetical study models based on Wright's designs and Wright's own preliminary sketches.

"A.M. Johnson Desert Compound" looks at a design Wright planned for the desert compound of Albert Mussey Johnson near Death Valley, CA. "Gordon Strong Automobile Objective" is focused on Wright's designs for a structure atop Sugar Loaf Mountain in Maryland to serve as a motor tourist destination and observation point. "Lake Tahoe Summer Colony" examines Wright's speculative designs for the Lake Tahoe Summer Colony at the head of Emerald Bay on Lake Tahoe, featuring floating cabins. "Doheny Ranch Development" explores Wright's designs for a residential development "of unparalleled scale" on the 411-acre ranch property of Edward Doheny outside Beverly Hills, CA. "San Marcus in the Desert" focuses on Wright's designs for a luxurious resort in the desert on 1,400 acres south of Phoenix, AZ, commissioned by a successful developer. Some of the links on the site are no longer functional and there is no search. A website of interest to those researching Frank Lloyd Wright or the history of American architecture.

Wright on the Web

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This website offers "a virtual look at the works of Frank Lloyd Wright" through more than 170 images of the buildings he designed and short overviews of each period of his career. There are seven presentations: "The Early Years," "Prairie Style," "Non-Residential Works, 1900-1920," "The Twenties," "The Thirties," "The Forties," and "The Fifties." Each presentation includes a brief overview and images of the buildings he designed in that period. Most of the images are available through links to other websites. Additionally, the site includes a feature on 17 buildings by Wright that have been designated by the American Institute of Architects as examples of his architectural contribution to American culture. The site also offers links to more than 50 collections, directories, and miscellaneous resources on Wright and his architectural works. There is no search capability available, but the site is a good starting point for exploring the history of Frank Lloyd Wright's architecture.

U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency

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The U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency exists to prosecute, investigate, and disrupt drug trafficking and large-scale use of illegal substances.

The agency is not particularly strong on historical resources—with the exception of information from the 1990s to present. However, a few features should be noted for their potential.

If you are interested in the history of the organization itself, the agency offers an eight PDF overview of its actions since its creation (15 to 51 pages per PDF), as well as transcriptions of speeches and testimony. The speeches date from 2001 to present, while the accessible testimony reaches back as late as 1995.

Statistics available on the site include arrests, drug seizures, state substance abuse fact sheets, national studies, and meth lab incidents.

The agency runs a museum in Arlington, VA. Exhibit topics may cover the history of drug epidemics and drug culture in the U.S., the history of prescription drugs and their abuse, and more. If you aren't located in Virginia, the museum also offers five virtual exhibits, some more extensive than others, covering DEA history; DEA deaths; the Purple Heart; the DEA in Iraq; and organization operations and career fields. Available supplemental activity guides are not targeted for history education.

Travel, Tourism, and Urban Growth in Greater Miami: A Digital Archive

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This site uses essays, a detailed timeline, and an image gallery to examine the growth of Miami and the history of its travel and tourism industry. An essay by Project Director Bachin provides an introduction to the website. The site has seven main thematic sections: advertising, architecture, environment, land use, migration, tourism, and transportation. Each section is introduced by a short three-to-five page essay and features a chronology and an annotated bibliography. There is also a searchable image gallery with more than 590 subjects, many with multiple images. The visitor can browse the gallery by subject, location, resource (such as aerial views, photographs, or postcards), or collection.

The site also offers an overall chronology (1823-2000), divided into sections for 1800s to WWI, WWI to 1930s, WWII to the 1950s, and the 1960s to the 1990s. The chronology can also be viewed by 18 themes such as civil rights, the Great Depression, hurricanes, land use, migration, and tourism. The overall annotated bibliography lists more than 90 books, links to 16 related websites, and 14 related archives. This site offers outstanding resources for those teaching or researching the history of Miami and South Florida and should also be of interest to anyone working on 20th-century urban and business history.

Maryland Digital Cultural Heritage

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The cultural heritage of Maryland is readily accessible here through thousands of digitized documents, maps, and images arranged into more than 40 collections and two exhibits. Baltimore's native son and prominent early 20th-century journalist H.L. Mencken is featured through a collection of 19 portraits, artifacts, and letters. Edgar Allen Poe, who lived in Baltimore late in his life, can be glimpsed through 18 portraits, drafts, and letters. Another collection offers digital copies of primary sources from the War of 1812, including an original draft of the "The Star-Spangled Banner."

Other collections include photographs of African American life, a selection of sports-related items, photographs and watercolor paintings of old houses and churches in Queen Anne's County, vintage photographs of Baltimore streets and street cars, and a series of photographs awaiting identification from collection users. Ample historical context, including library donation information, is provided for all collections. The website's blog will be useful for those interested in library sciences, preservation, and digital archiving.

The Adoption History Project

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In 1851, Massachusetts passed the first law recognizing adoption as a legal and social operation. Since then, adoption has had a rich history in the United States, documented at this website through close to 200 reports, writings, letters, adoption narratives, and other documents. Users unfamiliar with adoption history might begin by exploring the detailed timeline that traces adoption history from 1851 to 2000, when Congress passed the Child Citizenship Act of 2000 eliminating the process of naturalization for international adoptions. Moving on to the Topics in Adoption History section, with in-depth explanations of orphan trains, proxy adoptions, infertility, child welfare, and eugenics, will help build historical context. The Document Archive and Adoption Science sections boast documents from the late 1800s to the present by notables such as Pearl Buck, adoptees searching for information on their biological parents, and court decisions on adoption throughout the 20th century.

National Atlas

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The National Atlas program ended but USGS still provides some maps which seek to help users understand the United States and its place in the world. Map topics include agriculture, biology, boundaries, climate, environment, geology, government, history, cartography, people, transportation, and water.

As one would assume, the primary asset of the site is maps. The site offers several maps ready for printing which emphasize historical content. The available topics include Native American reservations, presidential elections between 1789 and 2012, territorial acquisition from 1783 through present day, and the spread of the West Nile virus in 2000. A selection of wall maps are presented for purchase, including the presidential election map.

Evaluating the Validity of Information

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Did the Chinese discover America before Columbus? How would or does this impact our understanding of European explorers and exploration?

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Description

Students learn to assess the validity of a historical argument as they evaluate the implausible theory that the Chinese discovered America in 1421.

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TV presents a great deal of historical information these days, but not all of it is valid or trustworthy. Unfortunately, many students lack the tools needed to assess historical information they see on television. This skill-building lesson presents students with some of the tools needed to assess the validity of an argument made through a persuasive, high-quality visual medium. In this two-day lesson, students assess the validity of a claim integral to the argument that the Chinese discovered America in 1421. Retired submarine commander Gavin Menzies presents this argument and the evidence to students in two short video clips highlighting the resources available to ancient Chinese sailors to make seven epic ocean voyages during the Ming dynasty. The lesson is clearly structured and guides students through steps they should take to evaluate historical claims. Helpfully, it includes a student handout that clearly explains the criteria for assessing the evidence of a historical argument. For example students are prompted to look at the qualifications of the person making a claim and to evaluate the persuasive techniques being used. A second handout has a worksheet to help students use the criteria to evaluate specific aspects of Menzies's argument. Student learning is assessed both through classroom discussion and a culminating essay that prompts students to provide a reasoned evaluation of the claim that the Chinese had the naval capacity to travel to America in the 15th century. The lesson includes a detailed rubric to assist your evaluation of these essays.

Topic
Exploration; Evaluating Historical Evidence
Time Estimate
2 class periods
flexibility_scale
4
Rubric_Content_Accurate_Scholarship

Yes The process of examining historical evidence is presented accurately. However, other websites present additional information and arguments disputing Menzies' thesis.

Rubric_Content_Historical_Background

No The lesson provides clear criteria for assessing historical accuracy but provides little historical background about the specific time period under investigation.

Rubric_Content_Read_Write

Yes Students write a final essay, but the lesson does not require significant reading.

Rubric_Analytical_Construct_Interpretations

Yes Lesson requires students to analyze the evidence.

Rubric_Analytical_Close_Reading_Sourcing

Yes Requires close attention to the arguments made in a historical video. Attention to the source of a historical argument is an integral part of the lesson.

Rubric_Scaffolding_Appropriate

Yes Appropriate for grades 6-8. Could easily be adapted for grades 9-12.

Rubric_Scaffolding_Supports_Historical_Thinking

Yes Provides a well-written student handout of criteria for assessing the validity of a historical argument. A table to help students apply these criteria to Menzies's theory is also provided.

Rubric_Structure_Assessment

Yes The lesson provides a solid essay prompt and a clear rubric for assessing the essay.

Rubric_Structure_Realistic

Yes Directions are clear and procedures are realistic in most settings.

Rubric_Structure_Learning_Goals

Yes The lesson progresses logically toward the goal of making students think about historical evidence.

Prosperity and Thrift: Coolidge Era and the Consumer Economy

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This exhibit assembles a wide assortment of materials from the 1920s, items loosely related to the prosperity of the Coolidge years and the rise of a mass consumer economy. The collection includes more than 400 documents, images, and audio and video clips on subjects ranging from automobiles, consumer goods, department stores, families, Motion Picture News, and the National Negro Business League, to politics.

An introductory essay provides valuable background information on the Coolidge administration with additional insight on the social and cultural context of the era. An alphabetized guide to people, organizations, and topics includes definitions and brief descriptions. This sort of material has not been widely available, and this collection is extremely valuable as a resource on the development of mass consumption.