Coal Mining in the Gilded Age and Progressive Era

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Logo, Coal Mining in the Guilded Age and Progressive Era
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This collection about coal mining in the 19th century consists of 17 separate pages, mostly containing primary source material, produced between 1869 and 1904, about coal mining and mining disasters. Material includes a 600-word essay on the dangers of coal mining, an account of an 1869 cave-in, Stephen Crane's 1894 article, "In the Depths of a Coal Mine," eight photographs of coal miners from 1904, and a 30-page account of labor violence written by a Pinkerton agent in 1894.

A page about mining machinery offers four study questions for student visitors. The site will be useful for those studying 19th-century coal mining and labor issues.

Child Labor in America, 1908-1912: Photographs of Lewis W. Hine

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Image for Child Labor in America, 1908-1912: Photographs of Lewis W. Hine
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Furnishes 64 photographs taken by Lewis W. Hine (1874–1940) between 1908 and 1912. Images document American children working in mills, mines, streets, and factories, and as "newsies," seafood workers, fruit pickers, and salesmen. The website also includes photographs of immigrant families and children's "pastimes and vices."

Original captions by Hine—one of the most influential photographers in American history—call attention to exploitative and unhealthy conditions for laboring children. A background essay introduces Hine and the history of child labor in the United States. This is a valuable collection for studying documentary photography, urban history, labor history, and the social history of the Progressive era.

Bisbee Deportation of 1917

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Logo, Bisbee Deportation of 1917
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In 1917, a labor dispute between copper mining companies and workers in Bisbee, Arizona, escalated into vigilante action against suspected members of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW). This site provides primary and secondary sources on the strike and subsequent deportation of over 1000 striking miners from Bisbee. It offers a roughly 500-word essay on the incident's historical context, and provides online access to materials such as personal narratives, witness interviews, government reports, newspaper articles, correspondence, and images selected from the University of Arizona Library, the Arizona Historical Society, and the Sharlot Hall Museum in Prescott, Arizona. There are 26 mining and deportation photographs, three maps, 19 IWW publications with color images of the covers, and six images of IWW stickers on the site, along with a bibliography of 34 scholarly works, 11 of which offer links to online, full-text versions. The site provides a partial finding aid that lists items with links to the document texts featured on the site. The site is ideal for studying labor action and labor/management relations in the early 20th century.

Inside an American Factory: Films of the Westinghouse Works, 1904

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Photo, Westinghouse Works factory
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This exhibit includes 21 "actuality" films from the Library's Westinghouse Works Collection. Actuality films were motion pictures that were produced on flip cards, also known as mutoscopes. These films, made by the American Mutoscope and Biograph Company in 1904, were intended to showcase the company's operations and feature the Westinghouse Air Brake Company, the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company, and the Westinghouse Machine Company. They were shown daily in the Westinghouse Auditorium at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis. Brief (roughly 500-word) descriptive narratives accompany each film, along with three to five photographs of factory exteriors and interiors and male and female workers performing their duties. A timeline traces the history of the Westinghouse companies from the birth of founder George Westinghouse in 1846 to Westinghouse's last patent, awarded four years after his death in 1918. Another link offers a Wilmerding News article, dated September 2, 1904, about life in Wilmerding, Pennsylvania, "the ideal home town," where the Westinghouse Air Brake factory was located. A bibliography of 18 scholarly works on Westinghouse and manufacturing in America is also included. The easily-navigable site is keyword searchable and can be browsed by subject. It is a good resource for information on labor and manufacturing in early 20th-century America, as well as on early film.

Dr. Seuss Went to War: A Catalog of Political Cartoons

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Cartoon, Cages cost money! Buy More U.S. Savings Bonds and Stamps!, c. WWII
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Dr. Seuss (Theodor Seuss Geisel), the prolific and talented children's book author, was also a political cartoonist. From 1941 to 1943, Seuss drew over 400 editorial cartoons as the chief editorial cartoonist for the New York newspaper PM. All 400 of his cartoons have been scanned onto this website by the staff of the Mandeville Special Collection Library at the University of California, San Diego, which houses the original cartoons in the Dr. Seuss Collection.

The cartoons are primarily related to issues surrounding World War II; and include caricature images of political figures like Adolph Hitler, Benito Mussolini, and Franklin D. Roosevelt. There are also a series of 10 War bond cartoons that Seuss drew for PM.

The site has a brief (500-word) introduction that gives an overview of Seuss's life and career. Currently the images are accessible by the month and year of publication or by subject. The site is somewhat difficult to use because of the lack of keyword search, but it is still a rich resource for information on popular culture, politics, and the media during World War II.

NOVA: Einstein's Big Idea

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Photo, Einstein and Picasso, NOVA: Einstein's Big Idea
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This companion website to a PBS NOVA documentary contains information about Einstein and his theory of relativity, as well as several special features. The site offers a timeline of Einstein's life from his birth in 1879 to his death in 1955, a short essay on his life before his great discovery in 1905, and an explanation of the theory behind the equation. Special features include: an essay on the legacy of Einstein's theories of special relativity and general relativity and how they affect our world; a feature exploring time dilation as predicted by Einstein's theory of relativity; and an audio feature in which 10 top physicists briefly describe Einstein's equatio. The site also offers two teacher guides: "Einstein's Big Idea" and "Einstein Revealed," 10 links to related websites, and a bibliography of eight books. Though it contains no primary source material, this site should be useful for science teachers and high school students studying Einstein, physics, and the history of science.

Advertising World

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Logo, University of Texas at Austin, Texas Advertising and Public Relations
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A gateway of links for advertising and marketing professionals, and for students and teachers of marketing communications and related fields. Organized alphabetically into 83 topics, from "Account Planning" to "Word of Mouth." A "History & Museums" section provides 22 links to sites that present past ads and commercials, or deal with the history of advertising and consumer culture. The "Research Center" includes a 167-title bibliography of books on advertising and links to bibliographies on 21 related subjects, including advertising history; two "White Papers" of approximately 12,000 words each on the future of advertising and advertising education; links to 23 advertising-related essays, some of which are on historical topics; and links to more than 40 professional and academic journals on advertising, economics, and sociology. Billed as "the ultimate marketing communications directory," this site will be valuable to students of advertising and its history.

Vincentian Postcards

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Postcard, After the Attack: Consolation, c. 1915, DePaul University Library
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The Community of the Sisters of Charity, an order of the Congregation of the Mission founded by St. Vincent De Paul and dedicated to teaching and nursing, was founded in the U.S. in 1809 by St. Elizabeth Seton (1774-1821). This collection of 580 postcards "documents the spirituality and mission of the Vincentians" and includes images of institutions such as hospitals, churches, and seminaries in many U.S. states including California, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, Maryland, and Massachusetts. "Spanning 200 years, these postcards reflect the heritage of the religious orders, the growth of social institutions, advancements in technology, and changes in urban environments." Visitors can browse the full collection or use advanced and simple searches to locate images of particular interest. Full bibliographic information accompanies each image. This archive is of interest to anyone researching the history of religious institutions in 19th- and 20th-century America.

Musicians Local No. 627 and the Mutual Musicians Foundation

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Photo, Singing Novelty Orchestra, c. 1920s, Musicians Local. . . site
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Kansas City's Local 627, one of several African American musicians' unions affiliated with the American Federation of Musicians, was founded in 1917. This website traces its history over the course of the 20th century. This history is divided into nine chronological sections, including introduction to the roots of Kansas City jazz style, early jazz bands, bigger bands and a new headquarters for the organization, jazz during World War II, the thriving music scene in the 1950s, the merger with Local 34, and the efforts of the Mutual Musicians Foundation to promote jazz in the 1960s and 1970s.

Upon entering each section, visitors are greeted by a video presentation of photographs of prominent Kansas City musicians and newspaper articles documenting their accomplishments, accompanied by a jazz soundtrack. In addition to explanatory text introducing musicians and prominent events in Kansas City history, each section also includes roughly 20 photographs, as well as a few songs of the era, which can be listened to using RealPlayer. Useful for those interested in Kansas City history or in U.S. music culture in the 20th century more generally.

Dismuke's Virtual Talking Machine

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Graphic, Dismuke's Virtual Talking Machine
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More than 225 music selections from a private collector's 78 rpm recordings produced between 1900 and the 1930s. Music is organized according to type of recording: acoustical (pre-1925) and electrical. Includes music in a variety of styles—ragtime, opera, jazz, classical, marching bands, and swing. Listings for selections provide information on vocalist, band, and soloist, and include annotations of a few sentences each. "Dismuke's Hit of the Week," updated weekly with one to three new audio selections, also offers explanatory material of 100 to 300 words in length. Also includes images of approximately 15 record labels. Of value to those studying American popular culture and music history.